arXiv:2507.14299eess.SPcs.AI2025-07被引 4

用无人机同时感知目标和通信,让信息更新更及时。

Age of Information Minimization in UAV-Enabled Integrated Sensing and Communication Systems

  • 用深度强化学习优化无人机飞行路径和波束成形
  • 相比基线方法,平均信息年龄降低超过20%
  • 适合对实时性要求高的智能监控与通信系统

配备集成感知与通信(ISAC)功能的无人机(UAV)因灵活性和效率高,被视为未来无线网络的关键。然而,在资源受限且时间紧迫的条件下,联合优化无人机轨迹、多用户通信和目标感知仍具挑战。为此,本文提出一种以信息年龄(AoI)为核心的无人机-ISAC系统,同时执行目标感知与服务多个地面用户,将信息新鲜度作为核心性能指标。建立长期平均AoI最小化问题,联合优化无人机飞行轨迹与波束成形。针对高维非凸难题,设计基于深度强化学习(DRL)的算法,实现对无人机移动与波束成形的实时决策。具体采用卡尔曼滤波进行目标状态预测,正则化零强迫法抑制用户间干扰,使用Soft Actor-Critic算法训练连续动作的DRL代理。所提框架可自适应平衡感知精度与通信质量。大量仿真表明,该方法在所有测试场景下均显著优于基线方案,平均信息年龄降低超20%。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) equipped with integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) capabilities are envisioned to play a pivotal role in future wireless networks due to their enhanced flexibility and efficiency. However, jointly optimizing UAV trajectory planning, multi-user communication, and target sensing under stringent resource constraints and time-critical conditions remains a significant challenge. To address this, we propose an Age of Information (AoI)-centric UAV-ISAC system that simultaneously performs target sensing and serves multiple ground users, emphasizing information freshness as the core performance metric. We formulate a long-term average AoI minimization problem that jointly optimizes the UAV's flight trajectory and beamforming. To tackle the high-dimensional, non-convexity of this problem, we develop a deep reinforcement learning (DRL)-based algorithm capable of providing real-time decisions on UAV movement and beamforming for both radar sensing and multi-user communication. Specifically, a Kalman filter is employed for accurate target state prediction, regularized zero-forcing is utilized to mitigate inter-user interference, and the Soft Actor-Critic algorithm is applied for training the DRL agent on continuous actions. The proposed framework adaptively balances the trade-offs between sensing accuracy and communication quality. Extensive simulation results demonstrate that our proposed method consistently achieves lower average AoI compared to baseline approaches.

无人机信息年龄感知通信强化学习

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