用改进卷积捕捉组织切片的局部拓扑特征,提升病理分类精度。
Classification of Histopathology Slides with Persistent Homology Convolutions
- 提出持久同调卷积,结合局部拓扑与卷积的平移等变性。
- 在多个数据集上优于传统CNN,且对超参数更不敏感。
- 适合需要精细几何结构分析的医学图像任务。
卷积神经网络(CNN)是计算机视觉中图像分类的标准工具,但典型架构可能丢失拓扑信息。在病理学领域,拓扑是区分病变组织的重要描述符,可通过细胞形状特征分析实现。现有研究指出,利用持久同调重构拓扑信息可提升医疗诊断效果;然而,以往方法依赖全局拓扑摘要,无法保留拓扑特征的局部性。为弥补这一缺陷,本文提出一种新方法,通过改进卷积算子——持久同调卷积,生成基于局部持久同调的数据,从而捕捉拓扑特征的局部性与平移等变性。我们在多种病理切片表示下进行对比实验,结果表明,使用持久同调卷积训练的模型优于传统模型,且对超参数更鲁棒。这说明持久同调卷积能从病理切片中提取有意义的几何信息。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are a standard tool for computer vision tasks such as image classification. However, typical model architectures may result in the loss of topological information. In specific domains such as histopathology, topology is an important descriptor that can be used to distinguish between disease-indicating tissue by analyzing the shape characteristics of cells. Current literature suggests that reintroducing topological information using persistent homology can improve medical diagnostics; however, previous methods utilize global topological summaries which do not contain information about the locality of topological features. To address this gap, we present a novel method that generates local persistent homology-based data using a modified version of the convolution operator called \textit{Persistent Homology Convolutions}. This method captures information about the locality and translation equivariance of topological features. We perform a comparative study using various representations of histopathology slides and find that models trained with persistent homology convolutions outperform conventionally trained models and are less sensitive to hyperparameters. These results indicate that persistent homology convolutions extract meaningful geometric information from the histopathology slides.
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