用生成式方法做知识蒸馏,无标签也能高效训练。
Generative Distribution Distillation
- 将知识蒸馏建模为条件生成问题,设计分块令牌化策略提升稳定性。
- 引入分布收缩技术,使模型在600轮内达82.28%准确率,超越已有方法16.29%。
- 适合无标签数据或资源受限场景下的高效模型压缩任务。
本文将知识蒸馏(KD)建模为条件生成问题,提出生成式分布蒸馏(GenDD)框架。朴素的GenDD基线面临高维优化困境与缺乏语义监督两大挑战。为此,我们引入分块令牌化策略,实现稳定有效的无监督蒸馏;同时提出分布收缩技术,将标签监督融入重构目标。理论证明,结合分布收缩的GenDD在梯度层面等价于多任务学习,可在无需显式分类损失的情况下,通过多步采样表示实现高效监督训练。我们在均衡、非均衡及无标签数据上进行实验,结果表明:在无监督设置下,GenDD在ImageNet验证集上较KL基线显著提升16.29%;在有标签情况下,使用ResNet-50仅用600轮训练即达到82.28%的top-1准确率,刷新了当前最佳表现。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
In this paper, we formulate the knowledge distillation (KD) as a conditional generative problem and propose the \textit{Generative Distribution Distillation (GenDD)} framework. A naive \textit{GenDD} baseline encounters two major challenges: the curse of high-dimensional optimization and the lack of semantic supervision from labels. To address these issues, we introduce a \textit{Split Tokenization} strategy, achieving stable and effective unsupervised KD. Additionally, we develop the \textit{Distribution Contraction} technique to integrate label supervision into the reconstruction objective. Our theoretical proof demonstrates that \textit{GenDD} with \textit{Distribution Contraction} serves as a gradient-level surrogate for multi-task learning, realizing efficient supervised training without explicit classification loss on multi-step sampling image representations. To evaluate the effectiveness of our method, we conduct experiments on balanced, imbalanced, and unlabeled data. Experimental results show that \textit{GenDD} performs competitively in the unsupervised setting, significantly surpassing KL baseline by \textbf{16.29\%} on ImageNet validation set. With label supervision, our ResNet-50 achieves \textbf{82.28\%} top-1 accuracy on ImageNet in 600 epochs training, establishing a new state-of-the-art.
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