arXiv:2507.15975cs.RO2025-07被引 8

用神经符号松弛法加速复杂任务规划,又快又准。

Fast Task Planning with Neuro-Symbolic Relaxation

  • 先用神经网络选关键物体,再符号化求解简化任务
  • 通过规则松弛快速生成粗略计划,提升效率20.82%
  • 能找回被忽略的关键物体,适合复杂环境长程规划

真实世界任务规划需对大量物体及其复杂关系进行长程推理,传统符号规划器易陷入组合爆炸。现有方法依赖神经网络筛选少量‘重要’物体以简化任务,但可能遗漏关键对象且浪费资源在不可解的简化任务上。为此,本文提出神经符号松弛策略(Flax):首先用图神经网络预测物体重要性,构建简化任务并由符号规划器求解;接着在规则松弛的任务上快速生成粗略计划,并将所有引用物体重新整合回简化任务以恢复遗漏的重要元素;最后应用补充规则优化更新后任务,确保可靠且紧凑。在合成与真实迷宫导航基准测试中,机器人需穿越迷宫并操作可移动障碍物。结果表明,相较于最先进神经符号基线,Flax平均成功率提升20.82%,平均耗时减少17.65%。我们相信该方法为复杂环境中高效、可扩展的长程任务规划提供了实用路径。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Real-world task planning requires long-horizon reasoning over large sets of objects with complex relationships and attributes, leading to a combinatorial explosion for classical symbolic planners. To prune the search space, recent methods prioritize searching on a simplified task only containing a few ``important" objects predicted by a neural network. However, such a simple neuro-symbolic (NeSy) integration risks omitting critical objects and wasting resources on unsolvable simplified tasks. To enable Fast and reliable planning, we introduce a NeSy relaxation strategy (Flax), combining neural importance prediction with symbolic expansion. Specifically, we first learn a graph neural network to predict object importance to create a simplified task and solve it with a symbolic planner. Then, we solve a rule-relaxed task to obtain a quick rough plan, and reintegrate all referenced objects into the simplified task to recover any overlooked but essential elements. Finally, we apply complementary rules to refine the updated task, keeping it both reliable and compact. Extensive experiments are conducted on both synthetic and real-world maze navigation benchmarks where a robot must traverse through a maze and interact with movable obstacles. The results show that Flax boosts the average success rate by 20.82\% and cuts mean wall-clock planning time by 17.65\% compared with the state-of-the-art NeSy baseline. We expect that Flax offers a practical path toward fast, scalable, long-horizon task planning in complex environments.

任务规划神经符号图神经网络机器人

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