arXiv:2507.16680cs.LGcs.IT2025-07被引 12

解决智能通信中语义空间错位问题,提升跨设备理解能力。

Latent Space Alignment for AI-Native MIMO Semantic Communications

  • 通过MIMO预编码/解码联合压缩语义空间并补偿信道失真。
  • 线性模型用ADMM优化,神经网络模型在功耗与复杂度约束下学习。
  • 适用于需要高效语义传输的AI原生通信系统,如物联网协同任务。

语义通信聚焦于传输数据背后的语义理解,并确保信息交换所驱动任务的成功完成。然而,当设备使用不同语言、逻辑或内部表征时,可能产生语义错位,阻碍相互理解。本文提出一种新方法,解决语义通信中的潜在空间错位问题,利用多输入多输出(MIMO)通信实现。具体而言,该方法学习一对MIMO预编码器/解码器,联合执行潜在空间压缩与语义信道均衡,缓解语义错位及物理信道损伤。我们探索两种方案:(i) 线性模型,通过交替方向乘子法(ADMM)求解双凸优化问题;(ii) 基于神经网络的模型,在传输功率预算与复杂度约束下学习语义MIMO预编码器/解码器。数值结果表明,该方法在目标导向的语义通信场景中有效,揭示了准确性、通信开销与解决方案复杂度之间的主要权衡关系。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Semantic communications focus on prioritizing the understanding of the meaning behind transmitted data and ensuring the successful completion of tasks that motivate the exchange of information. However, when devices rely on different languages, logic, or internal representations, semantic mismatches may occur, potentially hindering mutual understanding. This paper introduces a novel approach to addressing latent space misalignment in semantic communications, exploiting multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communications. Specifically, our method learns a MIMO precoder/decoder pair that jointly performs latent space compression and semantic channel equalization, mitigating both semantic mismatches and physical channel impairments. We explore two solutions: (i) a linear model, optimized by solving a biconvex optimization problem via the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM); (ii) a neural network-based model, which learns semantic MIMO precoder/decoder under transmission power budget and complexity constraints. Numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in a goal-oriented semantic communication scenario, illustrating the main trade-offs between accuracy, communication burden, and complexity of the solutions.

语义通信MIMO潜在空间对齐AI原生

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