通过可独立锁紧的关节,让腱驱机器人摆脱段间耦合,用更少电机实现复杂运动。
Reconfigurable Tendon-Driven Robots: Eliminating Inter-segmental Coupling via Independently Lockable Joints
- 每节关节可独立锁紧或自由,由一对对抗性腱控制状态。
- 七关节原型仅用六台电机就完成复杂环境移动,段间无耦合干扰。
- 适合需要轻量化、高灵活性的救援或探测机器人场景。
腱驱机器人(TDR)凭借细长冗余结构,在复杂环境中具有大工作空间和高机动性。其由多个独立控制的机械段组成,每段配备一组驱动腱。增加段数虽提升灵巧性与工作范围,但也加剧了段间耦合,导致控制需更复杂的模型和额外电机。本文提出一种可重构腱驱机器人(RTR),采用创新锁紧关节设计。每个关节的状态(锁定/自由)可通过一对对偶腱独立控制,且无需持续供电维持状态。操作者可选择性驱动目标段,从根本上消除段间耦合,避免段间协同控制需求。对RTR工作空间进行了仿真对比,验证其优势。推导了RTR的运动学与静力学模型,并开展实验验证。使用七关节RTR原型在复杂环境中演示了其可重构性与运动能力,仅用六个电机驱动器包即实现功能。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
With a slender redundant body, the tendon-driven robot (TDR) has a large workspace and great maneuverability while working in complex environments. TDR comprises multiple independently controlled robot segments, each with a set of driving tendons. While increasing the number of robot segments enhances dexterity and expands the workspace, this structural expansion also introduces intensified inter-segmental coupling. Therefore, achieving precise TDR control requires more complex models and additional motors. This paper presents a reconfigurable tendon-driven robot (RTR) equipped with innovative lockable joints. Each joint's state (locked/free) can be individually controlled through a pair of antagonistic tendons, and its structure eliminates the need for a continuous power supply to maintain the state. Operators can selectively actuate the targeted robot segments, and this scheme fundamentally eliminates the inter-segmental coupling, thereby avoiding the requirement for complex coordinated control between segments. The workspace of RTR has been simulated and compared with traditional TDRs' workspace, and RTR's advantages are further revealed. The kinematics and statics models of the RTR have been derived and validation experiments have been conducted. Demonstrations have been performed using a seven-joint RTR prototype to show its reconfigurability and moving ability in complex environments with an actuator pack comprising only six motors.
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