用频谱域调整点云,高效应对3D模型测试时域偏移。
3D Test-time Adaptation via Graph Spectral Driven Point Shift
- 将点云转到图傅里叶域,仅优化最低10%频率分量
- 在ModelNet40上达到92.1%准确率,优于现有方法
- 无需额外训练数据,适合实时3D分类场景
现有3D测试时自适应方法受限于点云不规则结构,常依赖计算昂贵的空间域优化或额外训练数据。本文提出图谱域测试时自适应(GSDTTA),将目标域点云建模为带异常检测的图,并通过图傅里叶变换(GFT)转入图谱域。为提升效率,仅优化最低10%的频率成分,这些成分承载了点云大部分能量。经逆图傅里叶变换(IGFT)重构后,实现谱驱动的点云位移。结合特征映射引导的自训练策略,迭代优化谱调整与模型参数。在ModelNet40等基准数据集上的实验表明,GSDTTA显著优于现有3D TTA方法,且无需额外训练数据。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
While test-time adaptation (TTA) methods effectively address domain shifts by dynamically adapting pre-trained models to target domain data during online inference, their application to 3D point clouds is hindered by their irregular and unordered structure. Current 3D TTA methods often rely on computationally expensive spatial-domain optimizations and may require additional training data. In contrast, we propose Graph Spectral Domain Test-Time Adaptation (GSDTTA), a novel approach for 3D point cloud classification that shifts adaptation to the graph spectral domain, enabling more efficient adaptation by capturing global structural properties with fewer parameters. Point clouds in target domain are represented as outlier-aware graphs and transformed into graph spectral domain by Graph Fourier Transform (GFT). For efficiency, adaptation is performed by optimizing only the lowest 10% of frequency components, which capture the majority of the point cloud's energy. An inverse GFT (IGFT) is then applied to reconstruct the adapted point cloud with the graph spectral-driven point shift. This process is enhanced by an eigenmap-guided self-training strategy that iteratively refines both the spectral adjustments and the model parameters. Experimental results and ablation studies on benchmark datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of GSDTTA, outperforming existing TTA methods for 3D point cloud classification.
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