通过现实差距分析模块,实现仿真与真实系统双向知识迁移。
Digital Twin Technologies in Predictive Maintenance: Enabling Transferability via Sim-to-Real and Real-to-Sim Transfer
- 引入现实差距分析模块,打通仿真与真实数据的桥梁。
- 在卡内基梅隆大学人行桥案例中验证双向迁移能力。
- 适合关注数字孪生落地与跨域知识传递的工业研究者。
物联网与人工智能的发展推动数字孪生(DT)从概念走向实际应用。然而,由于缺乏标准化框架,学术成果向产业转化仍面临挑战。本文基于作者此前提出的功能与信息需求,聚焦于数字孪生中的可迁移性问题。现有研究多关注资产转移,而“仿真到真实”和“真实到仿真”的知识迁移对全生命周期管理至关重要。核心挑战在于弥合“现实差距”,即仿真预测与实际结果之间的差异。本研究探讨在现有数字孪生框架中集成单一现实差距分析(RGA)模块,以有效管理双向迁移。通过连接历史数据库与仿真模型的数据管道,实现跨系统知识流动。以卡内基梅隆大学的人行桥为案例,评估不同集成程度下的性能。完全部署RGA模块与完整数据管道后,系统可在不降低效率的前提下实现仿真与真实世界的双向知识传递。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
The advancement of the Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence has catalyzed the evolution of Digital Twins (DTs) from conceptual ideas to more implementable realities. Yet, transitioning from academia to industry is complex due to the absence of standardized frameworks. This paper builds upon the authors' previously established functional and informational requirements supporting standardized DT development, focusing on a crucial aspect: transferability. While existing DT research primarily centers on asset transfer, the significance of "sim-to-real transfer" and "real-to-sim transfer"--transferring knowledge between simulations and real-world operations--is vital for comprehensive lifecycle management in DTs. A key challenge in this process is calibrating the "reality gap," the discrepancy between simulated predictions and actual outcomes. Our research investigates the impact of integrating a single Reality Gap Analysis (RGA) module into an existing DT framework to effectively manage both sim-to-real and real-to-sim transfers. This integration is facilitated by data pipelines that connect the RGA module with the existing components of the DT framework, including the historical repository and the simulation model. A case study on a pedestrian bridge at Carnegie Mellon University showcases the performance of different levels of integration of our approach with an existing framework. With full implementation of an RGA module and a complete data pipeline, our approach is capable of bidirectional knowledge transfer between simulations and real-world operations without compromising efficiency.
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