arXiv:2507.19495cs.HCcs.AI2025-07

用心理机制模拟人类行为,让智能体更像真人。

Simulating Human Behavior with the Psychological-mechanism Agent: Integrating Feeling, Thought, and Action

  • 基于情绪-思维-行动三角模型构建三模块框架。
  • 在5项经典心理实验中成功复现人类行为结果。
  • 适合心理学仿真与虚拟人研究者使用。

生成式智能体在模拟人类行为方面取得进展,但现有框架常简化情绪建模且聚焦特定任务,限制了模拟真实性。本文提出基于认知三角(情绪-思维-行为)的心理机制智能体(PSYA)框架,包含三个核心模块:情绪模块(采用情感层次模型模拟短期、中期和长期情绪变化)、思维模块(基于三重网络模型支持目标导向与自发性思考)、行为模块(整合情绪、需求与计划优化行为)。为评估有效性,我们开展日常生活模拟,并扩展评价指标至自我影响、个体影响与群体影响,选取5项经典心理实验进行仿真。结果表明,PSYA生成的行为更具自然性、一致性、多样性和可信度,成功复现人类实验结果。本工作为生成式智能体提供了更丰富准确的情绪与认知建模方法,可作为心理实验中人类被试的替代方案。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Generative agents have made significant progress in simulating human behavior, but existing frameworks often simplify emotional modeling and focus primarily on specific tasks, limiting the authenticity of the simulation. Our work proposes the Psychological-mechanism Agent (PSYA) framework, based on the Cognitive Triangle (Feeling-Thought-Action), designed to more accurately simulate human behavior. The PSYA consists of three core modules: the Feeling module (using a layer model of affect to simulate changes in short-term, medium-term, and long-term emotions), the Thought module (based on the Triple Network Model to support goal-directed and spontaneous thinking), and the Action module (optimizing agent behavior through the integration of emotions, needs and plans). To evaluate the framework's effectiveness, we conducted daily life simulations and extended the evaluation metrics to self-influence, one-influence, and group-influence, selection five classic psychological experiments for simulation. The results show that the PSYA framework generates more natural, consistent, diverse, and credible behaviors, successfully replicating human experimental outcomes. Our work provides a richer and more accurate emotional and cognitive modeling approach for generative agents and offers an alternative to human participants in psychological experiments.

心理建模生成智能体行为仿真

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