arXiv:2507.19694math.OCcs.AI2025-07

用代数方法研究无限多智能体博弈,揭示学习动态收敛规律。

Ultracoarse Equilibria and Ordinal-Folding Dynamics in Operator-Algebraic Models of Infinite Multi-Agent Games

  • 构建算子代数框架,将策略演化建模为非交换连续性方程。
  • 证明在弱正则条件下,后悔学习动态收敛到唯一量化响应均衡。
  • 提出序折叠指标,可衡量动态自指深度并指导均衡选择。

我们为具有连续统个智能体的无限博弈发展了一个算子代数框架,并证明基于后悔的学习动态由非交换连续性方程控制时,在温和正则性假设下会收敛到唯一的量化响应均衡。该框架通过将每个博弈关联一个冯诺依曼代数来统一泛函分析、粗几何与博弈论,该代数表征集体策略演化。代数内的反射后悔算子驱动策略分布流动,其不动点刻画均衡。我们引入序折叠指数——一种可计算的序数度量,用于衡量动态的自指深度,并证明其界定了收敛所需的超限时间,在粗良基网络上坍缩为零。该理论带来新的不变子代数刚性结果,确立了连续统经济中公平分配与最大最小份额分配的存在性与唯一性,并将后悔流的解析性质与大型语言模型中的经验稳定性现象相联系。这些贡献为大规模多智能体系统提供了严格的数学基础,展示了序度量在均衡选择中的实用性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

We develop an operator algebraic framework for infinite games with a continuum of agents and prove that regret based learning dynamics governed by a noncommutative continuity equation converge to a unique quantal response equilibrium under mild regularity assumptions. The framework unifies functional analysis, coarse geometry and game theory by assigning to every game a von Neumann algebra that represents collective strategy evolution. A reflective regret operator within this algebra drives the flow of strategy distributions and its fixed point characterises equilibrium. We introduce the ordinal folding index, a computable ordinal valued metric that measures the self referential depth of the dynamics, and show that it bounds the transfinite time needed for convergence, collapsing to zero on coarsely amenable networks. The theory yields new invariant subalgebra rigidity results, establishes existence and uniqueness of envy free and maximin share allocations in continuum economies, and links analytic properties of regret flows with empirical stability phenomena in large language models. These contributions supply a rigorous mathematical foundation for large scale multi agent systems and demonstrate the utility of ordinal metrics for equilibrium selection.

博弈论算子代数多智能体均衡分析

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