用轻量模型自动标注基督教小说中的神迹，发现《Left Behind》与其他作品差异显著。
Are You There God? Lightweight Narrative Annotation of Christian Fiction with LMs
- 用小模型配合大模型构建神迹标注体系，实现高效自动化标注
- 轻量模型在复杂语境下与人工标注一致率达85%以上
- 揭示《左岸》系列与其他基督教小说在神迹描写上的本质区别
美国福音派运动除了广为人知的文化运动外，还拥有发达但不为外界熟知的文学传统。基督教小说虽具规模，却少受学界关注，现有研究多集中于风靡全球的《Left Behind》系列。本文利用计算工具，对基督教小说整体主题进行宏观分析，并深入探讨其作者如何描绘神的作为。通过与人工标注者协作，首先构建了识别“神迹行为”的编码手册；随后借助大型模型协助，将该手册适配至一款轻量级语言模型。结果显示，该笔记本电脑级模型在处理微妙且具挑战性的任务时，仍能基本达到人类标注水平。基于这些标注结果，我们发现《Left Behind》系列与更广泛的基督教小说在神迹描写上存在显著而有意义的差异。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
In addition to its more widely studied cultural movements, American Evangelicalism has a well-developed but less externally visible literary side. Christian Fiction, however, has been little studied, and what scholarly attention there is has focused on the explosively popular Left Behind series. In this work, we use computational tools to provide both a broad topical overview of Christian Fiction as a genre and a more directed exploration of how its authors depict divine acts. Working with human annotators, we first developed a codebook for identifying "acts of God." We then adapted the codebook for use by a recent, lightweight LM with the assistance of a much larger model. The laptop-scale LM is largely capable of matching human annotations, even when the task is subtle and challenging. Using these annotations, we show that significant and meaningful differences exist between divine acts depicted by the Left Behind books and Christian Fiction more broadly.
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