arXiv:2507.20140cs.SDcs.AI2025-07ICML被引 6

让语音模型忘记特定人声,保护隐私且不影响其他语音合成质量。

Do Not Mimic My Voice: Speaker Identity Unlearning for Zero-Shot Text-to-Speech

  • 通过教师引导遗忘框架,有选择地清除模型对指定说话人的记忆。
  • 实验表明能有效阻止目标说话人声音复现,同时保持其他语音高质量生成。
  • 提出新评估指标spk-ZRF,量化模型对遗忘说话人的知识清除程度。

零样本语音合成(ZS-TTS)技术的快速发展使仅需少量音频即可生成高保真语音,带来严重的隐私与伦理问题。尽管语音隐私面临威胁,但针对预训练模型中移除特定个体声音知识的研究尚未开展。本文首次提出面向ZS-TTS系统的说话人身份遗忘框架,特别是教师引导遗忘(TGU),旨在使模型遗忘指定说话人身份,同时保留对其他说话人生成准确语音的能力。所提方法引入随机性,防止对遗忘说话人声音的一致复现,确保其无法被追溯。此外,我们设计了新的评估指标——说话人零重训练遗忘(spk-ZRF),用于衡量模型对遗忘说话人提示的忽略能力,有效消除其相关知识。在先进模型上的实验表明,TGU能有效阻止模型复现遗忘说话人的声音,同时维持其他说话人语音的高保真度。演示地址:https://speechunlearn.github.io/

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

The rapid advancement of Zero-Shot Text-to-Speech (ZS-TTS) technology has enabled high-fidelity voice synthesis from minimal audio cues, raising significant privacy and ethical concerns. Despite the threats to voice privacy, research to selectively remove the knowledge to replicate unwanted individual voices from pre-trained model parameters has not been explored. In this paper, we address the new challenge of speaker identity unlearning for ZS-TTS systems. To meet this goal, we propose the first machine unlearning frameworks for ZS-TTS, especially Teacher-Guided Unlearning (TGU), designed to ensure the model forgets designated speaker identities while retaining its ability to generate accurate speech for other speakers. Our proposed methods incorporate randomness to prevent consistent replication of forget speakers' voices, assuring unlearned identities remain untraceable. Additionally, we propose a new evaluation metric, speaker-Zero Retrain Forgetting (spk-ZRF). This assesses the model's ability to disregard prompts associated with forgotten speakers, effectively neutralizing its knowledge of these voices. The experiments conducted on the state-of-the-art model demonstrate that TGU prevents the model from replicating forget speakers' voices while maintaining high quality for other speakers. The demo is available at https://speechunlearn.github.io/

语音合成隐私保护模型遗忘ZS-TTS

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