arXiv:2507.20480cs.CV2025-07中稿 · IROS 2025被引 5

自动对齐融合多张3D高斯图,提升场景重建精度与质量。

Automated 3D-GS Registration and Fusion via Skeleton Alignment and Gaussian-Adaptive Features

  • 基于骨架对齐与自适应特征提取,实现无需人工干预的多图注册。
  • 复杂场景下旋转误差降低41.9%,融合后图像质量提升10.11 dB。
  • 适合机器人感知与自动驾驶中的高保真3D场景构建任务。

近年来,基于3D高斯喷溅(3D-GS)的场景表示在实时渲染和训练效率方面展现出巨大潜力。然而,现有方法主要聚焦于单地图重建,多张3D-GS子图的配准与融合仍缺乏深入研究。传统方法通常依赖人工选择参考子图并使用点云匹配进行配准,且对3D-GS基元进行硬阈值过滤会显著降低融合后的渲染质量。本文提出一种自动化3D-GS子图对齐与融合新方法,无需人工干预,同时提升配准精度与融合质量。首先,我们在多个场景中提取几何骨架,并利用椭球感知卷积捕捉3D-GS属性,实现鲁棒的场景配准;其次,引入多因素高斯融合策略,缓解刚性阈值导致的场景元素丢失。在ScanNet-GSReg和自建Coord数据集上的实验表明,该方法在配准与融合上均表现优异:复杂场景下旋转相对误差(RRE)降低41.9%,融合后峰值信噪比(PSNR)提升10.11 dB,充分验证了其在提升场景对齐与重建保真度方面的有效性,为机器人感知与自主导航提供更一致、准确的3D场景表征。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

In recent years, 3D Gaussian Splatting (3D-GS)-based scene representation demonstrates significant potential in real-time rendering and training efficiency. However, most existing methods primarily focus on single-map reconstruction, while the registration and fusion of multiple 3D-GS sub-maps remain underexplored. Existing methods typically rely on manual intervention to select a reference sub-map as a template and use point cloud matching for registration. Moreover, hard-threshold filtering of 3D-GS primitives often degrades rendering quality after fusion. In this paper, we present a novel approach for automated 3D-GS sub-map alignment and fusion, eliminating the need for manual intervention while enhancing registration accuracy and fusion quality. First, we extract geometric skeletons across multiple scenes and leverage ellipsoid-aware convolution to capture 3D-GS attributes, facilitating robust scene registration. Second, we introduce a multi-factor Gaussian fusion strategy to mitigate the scene element loss caused by rigid thresholding. Experiments on the ScanNet-GSReg and our Coord datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in registration and fusion. For registration, it achieves a 41.9\% reduction in RRE on complex scenes, ensuring more precise pose estimation. For fusion, it improves PSNR by 10.11 dB, highlighting superior structural preservation. These results confirm its ability to enhance scene alignment and reconstruction fidelity, ensuring more consistent and accurate 3D scene representation for robotic perception and autonomous navigation.

3D高斯场景融合机器人感知

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