arXiv:2507.20729cs.CV2025-07

通过风格融合与原型对比,提升医学图像分割的弱-强一致性学习效果。

Style-Aware Blending and Prototype-Based Cross-Contrast Consistency for Semi-Supervised Medical Image Segmentation

  • 设计风格引导的数据混合模块,打破标签与无标签数据流分离问题。
  • 引入原型对比机制,利用双向预测增强监督信号并抑制噪声影响。
  • 在多个医疗分割基准上表现优异,适合标注数据稀缺场景。

弱-强一致性学习策略广泛应用于半监督医学图像分割,通过有限标注数据训练模型并强制弱-强一致性。然而,现有方法主要聚焦于设计和组合不同扰动方案,忽视了框架本身的潜在优势与局限性。本文首先识别出两个关键缺陷:(1) 标签与无标签数据流独立,导致以标签流为主导的确认偏差;(2) 监督信息利用不充分,限制了强-弱一致性探索。为此,我们提出一种风格感知混合与原型驱动跨对比一致性学习框架。具体而言,受经验观察启发——标签与无标签数据间的分布差异可通过统计矩表征——我们设计了一种风格引导的分布混合模块,以打破独立数据流。同时,考虑到强伪标签中可能存在的噪声,引入原型基于的跨对比策略,促使模型从弱→强与强→弱预测中学习有效监督信号,同时缓解噪声负面影响。实验结果表明,该框架在多种半监督设置下的多个医学分割基准上均表现出显著有效性与优越性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Weak-strong consistency learning strategies are widely employed in semi-supervised medical image segmentation to train models by leveraging limited labeled data and enforcing weak-to-strong consistency. However, existing methods primarily focus on designing and combining various perturbation schemes, overlooking the inherent potential and limitations within the framework itself. In this paper, we first identify two critical deficiencies: (1) separated training data streams, which lead to confirmation bias dominated by the labeled stream; and (2) incomplete utilization of supervisory information, which limits exploration of strong-to-weak consistency. To tackle these challenges, we propose a style-aware blending and prototype-based cross-contrast consistency learning framework. Specifically, inspired by the empirical observation that the distribution mismatch between labeled and unlabeled data can be characterized by statistical moments, we design a style-guided distribution blending module to break the independent training data streams. Meanwhile, considering the potential noise in strong pseudo-labels, we introduce a prototype-based cross-contrast strategy to encourage the model to learn informative supervisory signals from both weak-to-strong and strong-to-weak predictions, while mitigating the adverse effects of noise. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of our framework across multiple medical segmentation benchmarks under various semi-supervised settings.

医学图像半监督一致性学习原型对比

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