用单一模型统一处理多种交互式多模态任务,提升适应性与效率。
Advancing Compositional LLM Reasoning with Structured Task Relations in Interactive Multimodal Communications
- 构建任务依赖图,通过分块参数与分步微调让模型理解任务间关系。
- 在三个基准上优于现有方法,实测验证了无线环境下的可行性。
- 适合资源受限场景的多任务交互应用,如车联网路线规划。
交互式多模态应用(IMAs)如车联网中的路线规划,通过整合无线网络上的多种数据丰富用户个性化体验。现有方法通常使用多个大语言模型(LLM)分别训练不同任务,而本文提出一种新范式:仅用一个组合式LLM完成多种IMAs。主要挑战包括:1)引导单个LLM适应多样任务目标;2)确保模型在资源受限移动环境中的灵活性与效率。为此,我们提出ContextLoRA,通过构建任务依赖图,将各任务的神经层可学习参数矩阵分块,并采用分步微调(训练、冻结、掩码)策略,使模型学会任务间推理,捕捉潜在依赖。针对第二挑战,引入ContextGear调度策略,通过智能分组机制优化训练流程,降低计算与通信开销。实验在三个基准上验证了方法优势,且在真实无线测试床成功原型化,证明其实际应用潜力。代码将开源。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Interactive multimodal applications (IMAs), such as route planning in the Internet of Vehicles, enrich users' personalized experiences by integrating various forms of data over wireless networks. Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) utilize mixture-of-experts (MoE) mechanisms to empower multiple IMAs, with each LLM trained individually for a specific task that presents different business workflows. In contrast to existing approaches that rely on multiple LLMs for IMAs, this paper presents a novel paradigm that accomplishes various IMAs using a single compositional LLM over wireless networks. The two primary challenges include 1) guiding a single LLM to adapt to diverse IMA objectives and 2) ensuring the flexibility and efficiency of the LLM in resource-constrained mobile environments. To tackle the first challenge, we propose ContextLoRA, a novel method that guides an LLM to learn the rich structured context among IMAs by constructing a task dependency graph. We partition the learnable parameter matrix of neural layers for each IMA to facilitate LLM composition. Then, we develop a step-by-step fine-tuning procedure guided by task relations, including training, freezing, and masking phases. This allows the LLM to learn to reason among tasks for better adaptation, capturing the latent dependencies between tasks. For the second challenge, we introduce ContextGear, a scheduling strategy to optimize the training procedure of ContextLoRA, aiming to minimize computational and communication costs through a strategic grouping mechanism. Experiments on three benchmarks show the superiority of the proposed ContextLoRA and ContextGear. Furthermore, we prototype our proposed paradigm on a real-world wireless testbed, demonstrating its practical applicability for various IMAs. We will release our code to the community.
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