arXiv:2507.21455cs.CVcs.AI2025-07ICLR被引 2

用自监督方法压缩数据集,提升模型泛化能力。

Boost Self-Supervised Dataset Distillation via Parameterization, Predefined Augmentation, and Approximation

  • 用低维基底参数化图像与表征,更紧凑地保留原始特征。
  • 采用预定义增强策略,解决自监督训练中的随机性问题。
  • 轻量网络建模多视图关系,提升跨架构迁移性能。

尽管大规模数据集对训练深度模型至关重要,但数据集规模的快速膨胀带来了高昂的训练成本,甚至导致计算开销不可承受。数据集蒸馏成为近年热门技术,旨在通过学习一组高度紧凑的代表性样本,降低数据规模,使使用这些样本训练的模型性能接近全量数据训练的结果。现有工作多集中于有监督数据集的蒸馏,本文则致力于将图像及其自监督训练得到的表征蒸馏为精简集合,称为自监督数据集蒸馏(Self-Supervised Dataset Distillation)。该方法能有效提取真实数据中的丰富信息,生成具有更强跨架构泛化能力的蒸馏数据集。为更忠实、紧凑地保留原始数据特征,提出三项新方法:1)引入基于不同低维基底的图像与表征参数化机制,实验证明基底选择至关重要;2)通过预定义增强策略缓解自监督学习中数据增强带来的随机性不稳定问题,该问题在以往研究中被低估;3)利用轻量网络建模同一图像不同增强视图间的表征关系,实现更紧凑的蒸馏配对。在多个数据集上的大量实验验证了该方法在蒸馏效率、跨架构泛化性和迁移学习性能上的优越性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Although larger datasets are crucial for training large deep models, the rapid growth of dataset size has brought a significant challenge in terms of considerable training costs, which even results in prohibitive computational expenses. Dataset Distillation becomes a popular technique recently to reduce the dataset size via learning a highly compact set of representative exemplars, where the model trained with these exemplars ideally should have comparable performance with respect to the one trained with the full dataset. While most of existing works upon dataset distillation focus on supervised datasets, we instead aim to distill images and their self-supervisedly trained representations into a distilled set. This procedure, named as Self-Supervised Dataset Distillation, effectively extracts rich information from real datasets, yielding the distilled sets with enhanced cross-architecture generalizability. Particularly, in order to preserve the key characteristics of original dataset more faithfully and compactly, several novel techniques are proposed: 1) we introduce an innovative parameterization upon images and representations via distinct low-dimensional bases, where the base selection for parameterization is experimentally shown to play a crucial role; 2) we tackle the instability induced by the randomness of data augmentation -- a key component in self-supervised learning but being underestimated in the prior work of self-supervised dataset distillation -- by utilizing predetermined augmentations; 3) we further leverage a lightweight network to model the connections among the representations of augmented views from the same image, leading to more compact pairs of distillation. Extensive experiments conducted on various datasets validate the superiority of our approach in terms of distillation efficiency, cross-architecture generalization, and transfer learning performance.

数据集蒸馏自监督高效训练泛化能力

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