arXiv:2507.21502cs.AI2025-07被引 23

用大模型让供应链决策从几天缩短到几小时,自动解释结果、回答假设问题。

Large Language Models for Supply Chain Decisions

  • 用大语言模型理解并解释供应链工具的建议结果
  • 自动处理多种场景和‘如果…会怎样’的假设分析
  • 减少对数据团队依赖,提升规划者效率

供应链管理面临从采购策略到计划执行的多重复杂决策挑战。过去几十年,计算与信息技术的进步推动了从人工经验决策向自动化、数据驱动决策的转变,广泛采用基于优化技术的数学方法。然而,业务规划者与高管仍需花费大量时间和精力去理解工具输出的建议、分析不同场景及回答‘如果…会怎样’的问题,并更新数学模型以适应当前商业环境。这些任务通常需要数据科学团队或技术提供商介入,显著拖慢决策进程。受大语言模型(LLMs)最新进展的启发,本文报告该技术如何实现供应链工具的民主化——即无需人工介入即可理解工具结果并进行交互。具体而言,我们展示了如何利用LLMs解决上述三大挑战,使决策时间从数天甚至数周缩短至数分钟乃至数小时,大幅提高规划者与高管的生产力与影响力。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Supply Chain Management requires addressing a variety of complex decision-making challenges, from sourcing strategies to planning and execution. Over the last few decades, advances in computation and information technologies have enabled the transition from manual, intuition and experience-based decision-making, into more automated and data-driven decisions using a variety of tools that apply optimization techniques. These techniques use mathematical methods to improve decision-making. Unfortunately, business planners and executives still need to spend considerable time and effort to (i) understand and explain the recommendations coming out of these technologies; (ii) analyze various scenarios and answer what-if questions; and (iii) update the mathematical models used in these tools to reflect current business environments. Addressing these challenges requires involving data science teams and/or the technology providers to explain results or make the necessary changes in the technology and hence significantly slows down decision making. Motivated by the recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs), we report how this disruptive technology can democratize supply chain technology - namely, facilitate the understanding of tools' outcomes, as well as the interaction with supply chain tools without human-in-the-loop. Specifically, we report how we apply LLMs to address the three challenges described above, thus substantially reducing the time to decision from days and weeks to minutes and hours as well as dramatically increasing planners' and executives' productivity and impact.

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