用脑电图揭示抑郁与自杀意念者语义处理的异常神经动态。
Time-Resolved EEG Decoding of Semantic Processing Reveals Altered Neural Dynamics in Depression and Suicidality
- 通过64通道脑电解码，捕捉语义加工的时空动态。
- 抑郁与自杀群体在300-600毫秒出现更早、更长、更强的反应。
- 结果可作潜在诊断指标，适合精神健康研究者参考。
抑郁症和自杀意念影响认知与情绪过程，但客观的任务诱发神经指标仍有限。本研究利用多变量解码技术分析64通道时间分辨脑电图（EEG），考察情绪显著性自指语句的语义加工时空动态。137名参与者完成句子评估任务。结果发现，语义加工存在稳健神经信号，解码准确率峰值出现在300-600毫秒，该窗口与快速刺激驱动的语义评估及冲突监控相关。相比健康对照组，抑郁及有自杀意念个体表现出更早启动、更长持续时间、更高振幅的解码反应，跨时间泛化范围更广，且额中央与顶颞区贡献增强。这些结果表明临床群体对情绪内容敏感性增高且难以脱离，深化了对心理健康神经认知基础的理解，并建立了一个简洁可解释的基于EEG的语义评估动态指标，具有潜在诊断价值。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Depression and suicidality affect cognitive and emotional processes, yet objective, task-evoked neural readouts of mental health remain limited. We investigated the spatiotemporal dynamics of affective semantic processing using multivariate decoding of time-resolved, 64-channel electroencephalography (EEG). Participants (N=137) performed a sentence-evaluation task with emotionally salient, self-referential statements. We identified robust neural signatures of semantic processing, with peak decoding accuracy between 300-600 ms -- a window associated with rapid, stimulus-driven semantic evaluation and conflict monitoring. Relative to healthy controls, individuals with depression and suicidal ideation showed earlier onset, longer duration, and greater amplitude decoding responses, along with broader cross-temporal generalization and enhanced contributions from frontocentral and parietotemporal components. These findings suggest altered sensitivity and impaired disengagement from emotionally salient content in the clinical groups, advancing our understanding of the neurocognitive basis of mental health and establishing a compact and interpretable EEG-based index of semantic-evaluation dynamics with potential diagnostic relevance.
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