针对非洲脑肿瘤分割难题,提出高效精准的医学影像分析框架
EMedNeXt: An Enhanced Brain Tumor Segmentation Framework for Sub-Saharan Africa using MedNeXt V2 with Deep Supervision
- 基于MedNeXt V2改进架构,结合深度监督与定制后处理
- 在非洲数据集上实现0.897的病灶级Dice系数,误差容忍0.5毫米时达0.84
- 专为资源匮乏地区设计,适合医疗影像自动化系统落地应用
脑癌影响全球数百万人,临床诊断和监测胶质瘤通常依赖磁共振成像(MRI)。然而,目前基于多参数MRI的手动分割肿瘤仍耗时费力,需专业放射科医生,且在资源匮乏的医疗体系中难以实施。这一问题在低收入地区尤为突出,因MRI设备质量较低、放射科专家稀缺,导致分割与量化错误频发。此外,非洲获取的MRI扫描数量普遍较少。为此,BraTS-Lighthouse 2025挑战赛聚焦撒哈拉以南非洲(SSA)地区的鲁棒性肿瘤分割,面对资源限制和图像质量退化带来的显著分布偏移。本研究提出EMedNeXt——一种基于MedNeXt V2并引入深度监督及优化后处理流程的增强型脑肿瘤分割框架。其三大贡献包括:更大感兴趣区域、基于nnU-Net v2的改进架构骨架、以及稳健的模型集成系统。在隐藏验证集上,该方法平均病灶级Dice系数(LesionWise DSC)达0.897,平均病灶级NSD分别为0.541(容忍度0.5毫米)和0.84(容忍度1.0毫米)。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Brain cancer affects millions worldwide, and in nearly every clinical setting, doctors rely on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to diagnose and monitor gliomas. However, the current standard for tumor quantification through manual segmentation of multi-parametric MRI is time-consuming, requires expert radiologists, and is often infeasible in under-resourced healthcare systems. This problem is especially pronounced in low-income regions, where MRI scanners are of lower quality and radiology expertise is scarce, leading to incorrect segmentation and quantification. In addition, the number of acquired MRI scans in Africa is typically small. To address these challenges, the BraTS-Lighthouse 2025 Challenge focuses on robust tumor segmentation in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), where resource constraints and image quality degradation introduce significant shifts. In this study, we present EMedNeXt -- an enhanced brain tumor segmentation framework based on MedNeXt V2 with deep supervision and optimized post-processing pipelines tailored for SSA. EMedNeXt introduces three key contributions: a larger region of interest, an improved nnU-Net v2-based architectural skeleton, and a robust model ensembling system. Evaluated on the hidden validation set, our solution achieved an average LesionWise DSC of 0.897 with an average LesionWise NSD of 0.541 and 0.84 at a tolerance of 0.5 mm and 1.0 mm, respectively.
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