arXiv:2507.23501cs.LGstat.ML2025-07

动态自适应聚合提升强化学习集成效果,自动平衡偏差与方差。

Adaptive Ensemble Aggregation for Actor-Critics

  • 根据训练过程动态调整集成目标,无需手动调参
  • 集成规模越大,估计偏差越小,方差随模型数反比下降
  • 适合需要稳定高效的连续控制任务,尤其适用集成学习场景

集成在离策略演员-评论家学习中广泛应用,但其效果高度依赖聚合方式。现有方法多采用静态规则或任务特定超参数来平衡过估计偏差与方差,难以实现真正自适应。本文提出自适应集成聚合(AEA),直接从训练动态中动态构建评论家和演员更新的集成目标。理论上证明,AEA收敛至唯一平衡点,此时聚合参数使价值估计误差最小化,并在定义的稳定性区域内保持最优。进一步证明,随着集成规模增大,估计偏差趋于零,具有收缩性质。不同于固定子集方法(如REDQ)受限于固定方差下限,AEA利用全部模型实现最优方差缩减(反比于总模型数)与最大Fisher信息。此外,本文提供了该自适应机制下单调策略改进的形式保证。大量连续控制任务上的实验表明,AEA在多数任务上优于当前最优基线,提供了一种鲁棒且自校准的集成强化学习框架。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Ensembles are ubiquitous in off-policy actor-critic learning, yet their efficacy depends critically on how they are aggregated. Current methods typically rely on static rules or task-specific hyperparameters to balance overestimation bias and variance, leaving the challenge of a truly adaptive approach open. We introduce Adaptive Ensemble Aggregation (AEA), an algorithm that dynamically constructs ensemble-based targets for both critic and actor updates directly from training dynamics. We prove that AEA converges to a unique equilibrium where the aggregation parameter minimizes value estimation error within a defined stability region. Theoretically, we establish that AEA achieves a shrinkage property where the estimation bias vanishes as the total ensemble size grows. Unlike subset-based methods like REDQ, which hit an information bottleneck determined by a fixed variance floor regardless of the ensemble size, AEA exploits the full ensemble to achieve optimal variance reduction-scaling inversely with the total number of models-and maximal Fisher information. Furthermore, we provide a formal guarantee for monotonic policy improvement under this adaptive regime. Extensive evaluations on various continuous control tasks demonstrate that AEA outperforms, on the majority of tasks, state-of-the-art baselines, providing a robust and self-calibrating framework for ensemble-based reinforcement learning.

强化学习集成学习自适应聚合连续控制

Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。