arXiv:2508.01511cs.LG2025-08

用智能手表和手机数据,机器学习可自动评估划船动作质量。

Canoe Paddling Quality Assessment Using Smart Devices: Preliminary Machine Learning Study

  • 用运动传感器采集手腕附近数据,通过机器学习识别划桨动作好坏。
  • 极端随机树模型在8次试验66次划桨中达0.95的精确度。
  • 适合想低成本改进划船技术的爱好者或初学者使用。

每年有超过2200万美国人参与划船活动,全球桨类运动市场规模在2020年达24亿美元。尽管流行,该运动仍缺乏机器学习应用,且教练费用高、设备昂贵。本研究提出一种基于AI的教练系统,利用机器学习模型分析运动数据,并通过大语言模型(LLM)提供划桨反馈。参与者来自纽约大学混凝土划船队合作招募。使用苹果手表和固定于运动绑带的智能手机,在两个阶段(错误姿势与纠正后)采集数据,进行划桨片段分割与特征提取。训练了支持向量机、随机森林、梯度提升和极端随机树等模型,使用原始特征和工程特征。开发了可视化网页界面,展示划桨质量并输出LLM反馈。四名参与者共8次试验生成66个划桨样本,极端随机树模型在五折交叉验证下取得最高F分数0.9496。界面成功输出量化指标与定性建议。腕部传感器位置显著提升数据质量。初步结果表明,消费级设备结合机器学习可实现低成本、可访问的划桨教学替代方案。虽受限于样本量,研究证实了使用智能设备与机器学习辅助划桨优化的可行性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Over 22 million Americans participate in paddling-related activities annually, contributing to a global paddlesports market valued at 2.4 billion US dollars in 2020. Despite its popularity, the sport has seen limited integration of machine learning (ML) and remains hindered by the cost of coaching and specialized equipment. This study presents a novel AI-based coaching system that uses ML models trained on motion data and delivers stroke feedback via a large language model (LLM). Participants were recruited through a collaboration with the NYU Concrete Canoe Team. Motion data were collected across two sessions, one with suboptimal form and one with corrected technique, using Apple Watches and smartphones secured in sport straps. The data underwent stroke segmentation and feature extraction. ML models, including Support Vector Classifier, Random Forest, Gradient Boosting, and Extremely Randomized Trees, were trained on both raw and engineered features. A web based interface was developed to visualize stroke quality and deliver LLM-based feedback. Across four participants, eight trials yielded 66 stroke samples. The Extremely Randomized Tree model achieved the highest performance with an F score of 0.9496 under five fold cross validation. The web interface successfully provided both quantitative metrics and qualitative feedback. Sensor placement near the wrists improved data quality. Preliminary results indicate that smartwatches and smartphones can enable low cost, accessible alternatives to traditional paddling instruction. While limited by sample size, the study demonstrates the feasibility of using consumer devices and ML to support stroke refinement and technique improvement.

智能穿戴动作识别机器学习运动分析

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