将航拍影像与自动驾驶感知结合,提升地图构建与轨迹预测性能。
AID4AD: Aerial Image Data for Automated Driving Perception
- 用SLAM点云地图对齐航拍图与车载数据,确保空间精度。
- 航拍图使地图构建准确率提升15%-23%,轨迹预测性能提高2%。
- 适合研究自动驾驶环境感知、地图生成与无高精地图场景的团队。
本文研究将空间对齐的航拍影像融入自动驾驶感知任务。核心贡献是发布AID4AD数据集,该数据集在nuScenes基础上增加了高分辨率航拍影像,并通过nuScenes提供的基于SLAM的点云地图实现与本地坐标系精确对齐。为保障空间一致性,提出一种校正定位与投影畸变的对齐流程,并通过人工质量控制筛选出高质量对齐结果作为真实标签,支持未来自动配准研究。实验表明,在在线地图构建中,航拍图作为补充输入可提升地图生成精度;在运动预测中,其作为结构化环境表示可替代高精地图。结果显示,航拍图使地图构建准确率提升15-23%,轨迹预测性能提高2%。这些结果凸显了航拍影像在缺乏或无法维护高精地图场景中的可扩展性与适应性。AID4AD连同评估代码与预训练模型已公开:https://github.com/DriverlessMobility/AID4AD。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
This work investigates the integration of spatially aligned aerial imagery into perception tasks for automated vehicles (AVs). As a central contribution, we present AID4AD, a publicly available dataset that augments the nuScenes dataset with high-resolution aerial imagery precisely aligned to its local coordinate system. The alignment is performed using SLAM-based point cloud maps provided by nuScenes, establishing a direct link between aerial data and nuScenes local coordinate system. To ensure spatial fidelity, we propose an alignment workflow that corrects for localization and projection distortions. A manual quality control process further refines the dataset by identifying a set of high-quality alignments, which we publish as ground truth to support future research on automated registration. We demonstrate the practical value of AID4AD in two representative tasks: in online map construction, aerial imagery serves as a complementary input that improves the mapping process; in motion prediction, it functions as a structured environmental representation that replaces high-definition maps. Experiments show that aerial imagery leads to a 15-23% improvement in map construction accuracy and a 2% gain in trajectory prediction performance. These results highlight the potential of aerial imagery as a scalable and adaptable source of environmental context in automated vehicle systems, particularly in scenarios where high-definition maps are unavailable, outdated, or costly to maintain. AID4AD, along with evaluation code and pretrained models, is publicly released to foster further research in this direction: https://github.com/DriverlessMobility/AID4AD.
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