通过主动触觉控制,实现灵活高效的人形物体操作
TacMan-Turbo: Proactive Tactile Control for Robust and Efficient Articulated Object Manipulation
- 将触觉偏差视为局部运动学信息,主动预测下一步动作
- 模拟与真实场景中均达100%成功率,效率显著提升
- 适合需要高鲁棒性与低延迟的机器人操作任务
灵巧操控铰接物体是机器人在人类环境中成功运行的关键。此类操作需兼顾有效性(面对结构不确定时仍可靠)与效率(快速执行、动作少且流畅)。现有方法难以同时满足二者:依赖预设运动学模型的方法在结构变化时失效,而触觉驱动的方法虽具鲁棒性但因逐步试探补偿,效率低下。本文提出TacMan-Turbo,一种新型主动触觉控制框架,突破此根本矛盾。不同于将触觉偏差仅视作需补偿的误差,本方法将其解读为丰富的局部运动学信息,使控制器能预测最优未来交互并主动调整,大幅提高效率。在200种不同模拟铰接物体及真实实验中,本方法保持100%成功率,且在时间效率、动作效率和轨迹平滑性上均显著优于先前触觉方法(所有p值<0.0001)。结果表明,无需先验运动学知识即可同时实现有效与高效操纵。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Adept manipulation of articulated objects is essential for robots to operate successfully in human environments. Such manipulation requires both effectiveness--reliable operation despite uncertain object structures--and efficiency--swift execution with minimal redundant steps and smooth actions. Existing approaches struggle to achieve both objectives simultaneously: methods relying on predefined kinematic models lack effectiveness when encountering structural variations, while tactile-informed approaches achieve robust manipulation without kinematic priors but compromise efficiency through reactive, step-by-step exploration-compensation cycles. This paper introduces TacMan-Turbo, a novel proactive tactile control framework for articulated object manipulation that mitigates this fundamental trade-off. Unlike previous approaches that treat tactile contact deviations merely as error signals requiring compensation, our method interprets these deviations as rich sources of local kinematic information. This new perspective enables our controller to predict optimal future interactions and make proactive adjustments, significantly enhancing manipulation efficiency. In comprehensive evaluations across 200 diverse simulated articulated objects and real-world experiments, our approach maintains a 100% success rate while significantly outperforming the previous tactile-informed method in time efficiency, action efficiency, and trajectory smoothness (all p-values < 0.0001). These results demonstrate that the long-standing trade-off between effectiveness and efficiency in articulated object manipulation can be successfully resolved without relying on prior kinematic knowledge.
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