单天线发射机无法躲避多天线定位系统，信号混淆策略失效。
CSI Obfuscation: Single-Antenna Transmitters Can Not Hide from Adversarial Multi-Antenna Radio Localization Systems
- 多天线接收端通过盲多通道识别技术恢复被混淆的信道特征
- 实测数据表明混淆信号仍可被精准定位，定位精度未显著下降
- 适合关注无线隐私与安全的研究者，揭示现有防护手段的局限性
现代通信系统具备在无线电环境中定位用户和物体的能力，引发隐私担忧。为防止非法定位，单天线发射机可通过随机序列卷积信号进行混淆，从而改变接收端估计的信道状态信息（CSI）。然而，该策略仅对单天线接收系统有效。受盲多通道识别启发，本文提出一种适用于多天线接收机的简单CSI恢复方法，可提取确保可靠用户定位的信道特征，无论发射信号如何。基于真实信道测量，我们对比评估了信号混淆与所提恢复方法对基于CSI指纹、信道绘图及经典三角定位性能的影响。结果表明，即使信号被混淆，多天线系统仍能实现高精度定位，凸显了保护用户位置隐私的紧迫性。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
The ability of modern telecommunication systems to locate users and objects in the radio environment raises justified privacy concerns. To prevent unauthorized localization, single-antenna transmitters can obfuscate the signal by convolving it with a randomized sequence prior to transmission, which alters the channel state information (CSI) estimated at the receiver. However, this strategy is only effective against CSI-based localization systems deploying single-antenna receivers. Inspired by the concept of blind multichannel identification, we propose a simple CSI recovery method for multi-antenna receivers to extract channel features that ensure reliable user localization regardless of the transmitted signal. We comparatively evaluate the impact of signal obfuscation and the proposed recovery method on the localization performance of CSI fingerprinting, channel charting, and classical triangulation using real-world channel measurements. This work aims to demonstrate the necessity for further efforts to protect the location privacy of users from adversarial radio-based localization systems.
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