研究真实世界中用户对心理干预的接受度,发现环境因素影响响应效果。
Real-World Receptivity to Adaptive Mental Health Interventions: Findings from an In-the-Wild Study
- 用强化学习动态调整心理干预时机,提升响应率。
- 被动数据(如位置、活动)显著影响用户是否愿意参与干预。
- 适合做智能心理健康应用开发与评估的研究者参考。
移动健康技术的发展使得利用智能手机的被动感知数据实现心理健康状况的实时监测与干预成为可能。基于此,即时自适应干预(JITAIs)旨在根据用户所处情境与需求,在合适时机提供个性化支持。尽管已有研究探讨了情境如何影响对通用通知或一般健康信息的响应,但较少关注真实心理干预中的用户接受度问题。此外,多数研究聚焦于识别用户何时需要干预,却忽视了“可接受性”——即用户愿意且有能力参与并执行干预的程度。本研究通过两个组成部分评估用户可接受性:接受度(是否回应提示)与可行性(在现实条件限制下能否行动)。我们开展了一项为期两周的真实世界研究,招募70名学生使用定制Android应用LogMe,该应用收集被动传感器数据与主动情境报告,并触发心理干预。自适应干预模块采用汤普森采样(Thompson Sampling)算法构建。针对智能手机特征和自我报告情境如何影响接受度与可行性,提出四个研究问题,并检验基于强化学习的方法是否能通过最大化综合可接受性奖励来优化干预推送。结果显示,多种被动感知数据显著影响用户对干预的可接受性。研究结果为设计既及时又可操作的上下文感知自适应干预提供了新见解。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
The rise of mobile health (mHealth) technologies has enabled real-time monitoring and intervention for mental health conditions using passively sensed smartphone data. Building on these capabilities, Just-in-Time Adaptive Interventions (JITAIs) seek to deliver personalized support at opportune moments, adapting to users' evolving contexts and needs. Although prior research has examined how context affects user responses to generic notifications and general mHealth messages, relatively little work has explored its influence on engagement with actual mental health interventions. Furthermore, while much of the existing research has focused on detecting when users might benefit from an intervention, less attention has been paid to understanding receptivity, i.e., users' willingness and ability to engage with and act upon the intervention. In this study, we investigate user receptivity through two components: acceptance(acknowledging or engaging with a prompt) and feasibility (ability to act given situational constraints). We conducted a two-week in-the-wild study with 70 students using a custom Android app, LogMe, which collected passive sensor data and active context reports to prompt mental health interventions. The adaptive intervention module was built using Thompson Sampling, a reinforcement learning algorithm. We address four research questions relating smartphone features and self-reported contexts to acceptance and feasibility, and examine whether an adaptive reinforcement learning approach can optimize intervention delivery by maximizing a combined receptivity reward. Our results show that several types of passively sensed data significantly influenced user receptivity to interventions. Our findings contribute insights into the design of context-aware, adaptive interventions that are not only timely but also actionable in real-world settings.
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