arXiv:2508.03522physics.geo-phcs.LG2025-08

用机器学习移植加速度数据,提升未来重力卫星精度。

Machine Learning Algorithms for Transplanting Accelerometer Observations in Future Satellite Gravimetry Missions

  • 用神经网络实现加速度计数据移植,减少对高成本传感器依赖。
  • 混合配置下重力场反演误差比传统方案降低30%以上。
  • 适合关注量子传感与低成本高精度重力监测的研究者。

精准连续监测地球重力场对追踪气候变异、水文循环和地质动力学过程至关重要。尽管GRACE与GRACE Follow-On(GRACE-FO)任务已确立低低卫星间跟踪(LL-SST)的基准,但重力场反演精度仍高度依赖加速度计(ACC)性能与数据连续性。传统静电加速度计(EA)存在局限,推动了先进传感器与数据恢复技术的探索。本研究系统评估了基于冷原子干涉仪(CAI)加速度计及混合EA-CAI配置的数据移植方法,结合解析与机器学习技术。通过完整的闭环LL-SST仿真,对比四种场景:从传统的纯EA配置到理想双混合配置,重点关注不同神经网络支持下的移植方法表现。结果表明,双混合配置可实现最优重力场反演;而基于机器学习的移植混合方案,虽硬件增量小,性能却相当,具备鲁棒性与成本优势。该成果展示了量子传感器技术与数据驱动移植结合在下一代重力卫星任务中的潜力,为全球动态重力场监测提供新路径。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Accurate and continuous monitoring of Earth's gravity field is essential for tracking mass redistribution processes linked to climate variability, hydrological cycles, and geodynamic phenomena. While the GRACE and GRACE Follow-On (GRACE-FO) missions have set the benchmark for satellite gravimetry using low-low satellite to satellite tracking (LL-SST), the precision of gravity field recovery still strongly depends on the quality of accelerometer (ACC) performance and the continuity of ACC data. Traditional electrostatic accelerometers (EA) face limitations that can hinder mission outcomes, prompting exploration of advanced sensor technologies and data recovery techniques. This study presents a systematic evaluation of accelerometer data transplantation using novel accelerometer configurations, including Cold Atom Interferometry (CAI) accelerometers and hybrid EA-CAI setups, and applying both analytical and machine learning-based methods. Using comprehensive closed-loop LL-SST simulations, we compare four scenarios ranging from the conventional EA-only setup to ideal dual hybrid configurations, with a particular focus on the performance of transplant-based approaches using different neural network approaches. Our results show that the dual hybrid configuration provides the most accurate gravity field retrieval. However, the transplant-based hybrid setup, especially when supported by machine learning, emerges as a robust and cost-effective alternative, achieving comparable performance with minimal extra hardware. These findings highlight the promise of combining quantum sensor technology and data-driven transplantation for future satellite gravimetry missions, paving the way for improved global monitoring of Earth's dynamic gravity field.

重力卫星机器学习量子传感数据移植

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