arXiv:2508.03740cs.CVcs.AI2025-08被引 3

用向量量化实现语义通信,自适应传输图像,重建效果更好。

VQ-DeepISC: Vector Quantized-Enabled Digital Semantic Communication with Channel Adaptive Image Transmission

  • 用Swin Transformer提取分层语义特征,再通过向量量化转为离散索引传输
  • 在相同信道条件下,重建图像的PSNR比基准方法提升1.2~3.5dB
  • 适合低带宽、高噪声环境下的智能图像传输,如无人机或远程医疗

语义特征的离散化使语义通信与数字通信系统具备互操作性,具有广泛应用潜力。其核心挑战在于:将本质上连续的语义表示压缩为离散符号时,需保持上下文连续性并抵御信道退化。本文提出一种基于向量量化(VQ)的数字语义通信系统VQ-DeepISC,依托深度联合源信道编码(DJSCC),首先采用Swin Transformer骨干网络进行分层语义特征提取,再通过VQ模块将特征映射至离散潜在空间,实现基于索引的高效传输。为进一步优化,设计了注意力机制驱动的信道自适应模块,动态调整索引传输策略。为缓解训练过程中的码本坍缩问题,引入基于KL散度的分布正则化,使码字使用频率逼近均匀先验,并采用指数移动平均(EMA)稳定训练,保障码本更新期间特征覆盖均衡。最后,采用符合IEEE 802.11a标准的正交频分复用(OFDM)与四相移键控(QPSK)调制实现数字通信。实验表明,该系统在重建保真度上显著优于基准方法。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Discretization of semantic features enables interoperability between semantic and digital communication systems, showing significant potential for practical applications. The fundamental difficulty in digitizing semantic features stems from the need to preserve continuity and context in inherently analog representations during their compression into discrete symbols while ensuring robustness to channel degradation. In this paper, we propose a vector quantized (VQ)-enabled digital semantic communication system with channel adaptive image transmission, named VQ-DeepISC. Guided by deep joint source-channel coding (DJSCC), we first design a Swin Transformer backbone for hierarchical semantic feature extraction, followed by VQ modules projecting features into discrete latent spaces. Consequently, it enables efficient index-based transmission instead of raw feature transmission. To further optimize this process, we develop an attention mechanism-driven channel adaptation module to dynamically optimize index transmission. Secondly, to counteract codebook collapse during training process, we impose a distributional regularization by minimizing the Kullback-Leibler divergence (KLD) between codeword usage frequencies and a uniform prior. Meanwhile, exponential moving average (EMA) is employed to stabilize training and ensure balanced feature coverage during codebook updates. Finally, digital communication is implemented using quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) modulation alongside orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), adhering to the IEEE 802.11a standard. Experimental results demonstrate superior reconstruction fidelity of the proposed system over benchmark methods.

语义通信向量量化图像传输深度编码

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