通过分组等相位原子并行计算，让核磁共振模拟快了3到72倍。
Fast Magnetic Resonance Simulation Using Combined Update with Grouped Isochromats
- 将行为相同的等相位原子分组，共享部分计算过程
- 在2750万原子下，模拟速度比传统方法快3至72倍
- 适合需要快速生成MRI图像的医学影像研究者
传统核磁共振（MR）模拟器假设每个等相位原子需单独模拟，导致计算耗时。为降低计算时间，本文提出一种基于分组等相位原子的新方法：当多个等相位原子在特定梯度条件下行为一致时，可预先分组，在脉冲序列处理中共享部分计算。例如，沿x轴梯度时，位置、T1、T2及磁场不均性相同的原子可构成一组。在包含快速自旋回波（FSE）和回波平面成像（EPI）等多种序列的测试中，该方法比传统方法快3至72倍。在使用单指令多数据（SIMD）和多线程处理2750万等相位原子的情况下，传统方法模拟FSE和EPI分别耗时208.4秒和66.4秒，而新方法仅需38.1秒和7.1秒。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
This work aims to overcome an assumption of conventional MR simulators: Individual isochromats should be simulated individually. To reduce the computational times of MR simulation, a new simulation method using grouped isochromats is proposed. When multiple isochromats are grouped before simulations, some parts of the simulation can be shared in each group. For a certain gradient type, the isochromats in the group can be easily chosen for ensuring that they behave the same. For example, the group can be defined as the isochromats whose locations along x-axis, T1, T2 and magnetic field inhomogeneity values are the same values. In such groups, simulations can be combined when a pulse sequence with the magnetic field gradient along x-axis only are processed. The processing times of the conventional and proposed methods were evaluated with several sequences including fast spin echo (FSE) and echo-planar imaging (EPI) sequences. The simulation times of the proposed method were 3 to 72 times faster than those of the conventional methods. In the cases of 27.5 million isochromats using single instruction multiple data (SIMD) instructions and multi-threading, the conventional method simulated FSE and EPI sequences in 208.4 and 66.4 seconds, respectively. In the same cases, the proposed method simulated these sequences in 38.1 and 7.1 seconds, respectively.
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