arXiv:2508.04153cs.CV2025-08AAAI被引 11

通过动态调整任务向量方向,实现少样本多任务适配的LoRA融合新方法。

ICM-Fusion: In-Context Meta-Optimized LoRA Fusion for Multi-Task Adaptation

  • 基于元学习与上下文适应,用可学习流形投影平衡任务冲突方向。
  • 在少样本场景下降低多任务损失,甚至实现任务性能提升。
  • 适用于视觉与语言多种模型,支持跨任务高效参数融合。

在预训练低秩适配(LoRA)模型中实现多任务适配对提升泛化能力至关重要。现有方法通常分解权重矩阵,共享相似参数但合并差异参数,导致权重间冲突和灾难性领域遗忘。尽管增量学习能适应多任务,但在少样本场景下难以实现良好泛化,当权重数据呈现长尾分布时更易引发融合权重遗忘。为此,本文提出一种新框架ICM-Fusion,融合元学习与上下文适配思想。核心创新在于任务向量算术:通过学习的流形投影动态平衡不同领域间的冲突优化方向。ICM-Fusion在潜在空间中调整任务向量方向,获得最优融合模型姿态,并通过自设计的Fusion VAE(F-VAE)重构融合LoRA,实现多任务LoRA生成。在视觉与语言任务上广泛实验表明,ICM-Fusion可适配多种架构,显著降低多任务损失,在少样本场景下仍可实现任务性能增强,优于当前主流预训练LoRA融合方法。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Enabling multi-task adaptation in pre-trained Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) models is crucial for enhancing their generalization capabilities. Most existing pre-trained LoRA fusion methods decompose weight matrices, sharing similar parameters while merging divergent ones. However, this paradigm inevitably induces inter-weight conflicts and leads to catastrophic domain forgetting. While incremental learning enables adaptation to multiple tasks, it struggles to achieve generalization in few-shot scenarios. Consequently, when the weight data follows a long-tailed distribution, it can lead to forgetting in the fused weights. To address this issue, we propose In-Context Meta LoRA Fusion (ICM-Fusion), a novel framework that synergizes meta-learning with in-context adaptation. The key innovation lies in our task vector arithmetic, which dynamically balances conflicting optimization directions across domains through learned manifold projections. ICM-Fusion obtains the optimal task vector orientation for the fused model in the latent space by adjusting the orientation of the task vectors. Subsequently, the fused LoRA is reconstructed by a self-designed Fusion VAE (F-VAE) to realize multi-task LoRA generation. We have conducted extensive experiments on visual and linguistic tasks, and the experimental results demonstrate that ICM-Fusion can be adapted to a wide range of architectural models and applied to various tasks. Compared to the current pre-trained LoRA fusion method, ICM-Fusion fused LoRA can significantly reduce the multi-tasking loss and can even achieve task enhancement in few-shot scenarios.

LoRA融合多任务学习元学习少样本适配

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