arXiv:2508.04251cs.LG2025-08AAAI被引 11

T3Time通过三模态融合提升时序预测精度,适应不同预测周期。

T3Time: Tri-Modal Time Series Forecasting via Adaptive Multi-Head Alignment and Residual Fusion

  • 构建时间、频域与提示三分支架构,动态融合多模态特征。
  • 在多个数据集上平均降低MSE 3.28%、MAE 2.29%,少样本下仍表现优异。
  • 适合需要高精度时序预测的工业场景,如能源调度与金融分析。

多变量时间序列预测(MTSF)旨在建模变量间的时序动态以预测未来趋势。基于Transformer的模型和大语言模型(LLMs)因其捕捉长程依赖和模式的能力而展现出潜力。然而,现有方法常依赖固定归纳偏置,忽略变量间交互,或采用静态融合策略,限制了在不同预测周期下的适应性。为此,我们提出T3Time,一种由时间、频域和提示分支组成的新型三模态框架。其中频域分支结合门控机制,学习在不同预测周期下对时序与频域特征的优先级分配。同时,我们设计自适应多头对齐机制,根据特征动态加权多个跨模态对齐头的重要性。在基准数据集上的大量实验表明,本模型持续优于最先进基线,平均降低MSE 3.28%、MAE 2.29%。此外,在少样本学习设置中表现出强泛化能力:使用5%训练数据时,MSE和MAE分别降低4.13%和1.91%;使用10%数据时,平均降低3.62%和1.98%。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Multivariate time series forecasting (MTSF) seeks to model temporal dynamics among variables to predict future trends. Transformer-based models and large language models (LLMs) have shown promise due to their ability to capture long-range dependencies and patterns. However, current methods often rely on rigid inductive biases, ignore intervariable interactions, or apply static fusion strategies that limit adaptability across forecast horizons. These limitations create bottlenecks in capturing nuanced, horizon-specific relationships in time-series data. To solve this problem, we propose T3Time, a novel trimodal framework consisting of time, spectral, and prompt branches, where the dedicated frequency encoding branch captures the periodic structures along with a gating mechanism that learns prioritization between temporal and spectral features based on the prediction horizon. We also proposed a mechanism which adaptively aggregates multiple cross-modal alignment heads by dynamically weighting the importance of each head based on the features. Extensive experiments on benchmark datasets demonstrate that our model consistently outperforms state-of-the-art baselines, achieving an average reduction of 3.28% in MSE and 2.29% in MAE. Furthermore, it shows strong generalization in few-shot learning settings: with 5% training data, we see a reduction in MSE and MAE by 4.13% and 1.91%, respectively; and with 10% data, by 3.62% and 1.98% on average. Code - https://github.com/monaf-chowdhury/T3Time/

时序预测多模态融合自适应对齐

Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。