arXiv:2508.05271cs.CV2025-08被引 8

通过小波域双频编码,提升遥感图像变化检测的边缘敏感性与全局判别力。

Wavelet-Guided Dual-Frequency Encoding for Remote Sensing Change Detection

  • 利用小波变换分离高低频成分,分别建模局部细节与全局结构。
  • 高频频段增强边缘特征,低频频段渐进细化变化区域,提升定位精度。
  • 适合需要高精度变化检测的灾害监测、城市扩张等场景。

遥感图像变化检测在自然灾害监测、城市扩展追踪和基础设施管理中至关重要。尽管深度学习近年取得显著进展,多数方法仍依赖空间域建模,特征表示多样性有限,难以捕捉细微变化区域。我们观察到,在小波域中的频域特征建模能放大频率分量间的细粒度差异,增强对空间域难以捕捉的边缘变化感知。为此,提出小波引导的双频编码(WGDF)方法:首先通过离散小波变换(DWT)将输入图像分解为高频与低频成分,分别用于建模局部细节与全局结构。高频分支设计双频特征增强模块(DFFE)强化边缘细节表征,并引入频域交互差异模块(FDID)提升细粒度变化建模能力;低频分支采用Transformer捕获全局语义关系,使用渐进上下文差异模块(PCDM)逐步优化变化区域,实现精确的结构语义刻画。最终,高低频特征协同融合,统一局部敏感性与全局判别力。在多个遥感数据集上的大量实验表明,WGDF显著缓解边缘模糊问题,检测精度与鲁棒性优于现有先进方法。代码将公开于 https://github.com/boshizhang123/WGDF。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Change detection in remote sensing imagery plays a vital role in various engineering applications, such as natural disaster monitoring, urban expansion tracking, and infrastructure management. Despite the remarkable progress of deep learning in recent years, most existing methods still rely on spatial-domain modeling, where the limited diversity of feature representations hinders the detection of subtle change regions. We observe that frequency-domain feature modeling particularly in the wavelet domain an amplify fine-grained differences in frequency components, enhancing the perception of edge changes that are challenging to capture in the spatial domain. Thus, we propose a method called Wavelet-Guided Dual-Frequency Encoding (WGDF). Specifically, we first apply Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) to decompose the input images into high-frequency and low-frequency components, which are used to model local details and global structures, respectively. In the high-frequency branch, we design a Dual-Frequency Feature Enhancement (DFFE) module to strengthen edge detail representation and introduce a Frequency-Domain Interactive Difference (FDID) module to enhance the modeling of fine-grained changes. In the low-frequency branch, we exploit Transformers to capture global semantic relationships and employ a Progressive Contextual Difference Module (PCDM) to progressively refine change regions, enabling precise structural semantic characterization. Finally, the high- and low-frequency features are synergistically fused to unify local sensitivity with global discriminability. Extensive experiments on multiple remote sensing datasets demonstrate that WGDF significantly alleviates edge ambiguity and achieves superior detection accuracy and robustness compared to state-of-the-art methods. The code will be available at https://github.com/boshizhang123/WGDF.

变化检测小波变换遥感图像双频编码

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