arXiv:2508.05637cs.HCcs.AI2025-08

用大模型自动分析图表问题并给出改进建议,让普通人也能做出专业级可视化。

Automated Visualization Makeovers with LLMs

  • 通过提示工程让大模型理解可视化最佳实践,分析图片或代码生成改进意见。
  • 定量评估显示模型对不同图表类型中的常见问题敏感度高。
  • 适合数据从业者、学生和非专业人士快速提升图表表达能力。

制作能准确高效传达信息的优秀图表既是艺术也是科学,但通常不在数据科学课程中教授。可视化重构(visualization makeovers)是社区成员相互反馈以改进图表的练习。多模态大语言模型能否模拟这一任务?本文提出一种系统:给定一张图表图像或生成代码,经提示工程的预训练大模型可半自动生成建设性批评,帮助用户根据最佳实践改进图表。不同于其他工作聚焦于从原始数据生成可视化脚本,本研究重点在于指导用户如何优化已有图表。通过量化评估验证了模型对多种图表类型中常见问题的敏感性。工具已开放为可自托管的网页应用,界面友好易用。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Making a good graphic that accurately and efficiently conveys the desired message to the audience is both an art and a science, typically not taught in the data science curriculum. Visualisation makeovers are exercises where the community exchange feedback to improve charts and data visualizations. Can multi-modal large language models (LLMs) emulate this task? Given a plot in the form of an image file, or the code used to generate it, an LLM, primed with a list of visualization best practices, is employed to semi-automatically generate constructive criticism to produce a better plot. Our system is centred around prompt engineering of a pre-trained model, relying on a combination of userspecified guidelines and any latent knowledge of data visualization practices that might lie within an LLMs training corpus. Unlike other works, the focus is not on generating valid visualization scripts from raw data or prompts, but on educating the user how to improve their existing data visualizations according to an interpretation of best practices. A quantitative evaluation is performed to measure the sensitivity of the LLM agent to various plotting issues across different chart types. We make the tool available as a simple self-hosted applet with an accessible Web interface.

可视化大模型提示工程数据分析

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