arXiv:2508.06131quant-phcs.LG2025-08被引 3

提出轻量级方法,让量子模型在普通电脑上高效运行。

Enhancing the Scalability of Classical Surrogates for Real-World Quantum Machine Learning Applications

  • 用简化流程生成量子模型的古典替代品,减少资源消耗。
  • 20比特以下量子模型仍可实现高精度预测,计算开销线性增长。
  • 适合工业界快速部署量子技术,也利于实证探索量子优势。

量子机器学习(QML)虽具早期产业应用潜力,但受限于量子硬件访问不足。本文探讨使用经典代理模型绕过该限制——即构建训练后量子模型的轻量级经典表示,可在纯经典设备上完成推理。研究揭示了以往生成经典代理方法存在的高计算需求问题,提出新流程可实现更大规模生成。此前方法需高性能计算系统支持低于工业规模(约20量子比特)的模型,实用性存疑;本方法大幅减少冗余,仅需极小资源即可完成。我们在真实能源需求预测任务中验证有效性,通过模拟与量子硬件测试对比性能与计算开销。结果表明,新方法在测试集上保持高精度,且计算资源需求呈线性而非指数增长。该工作提供了一种轻量化手段,将量子解决方案转化为可经典部署的形式,加速量子技术在工业场景中的集成。同时,也可作为实证研究量子优势的强大工具。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Quantum machine learning (QML) presents potential for early industrial adoption, yet limited access to quantum hardware remains a significant bottleneck for deployment of QML solutions. This work explores the use of classical surrogates to bypass this restriction, which is a technique that allows to build a lightweight classical representation of a (trained) quantum model, enabling to perform inference on entirely classical devices. We reveal prohibiting high computational demand associated with previously proposed methods for generating classical surrogates from quantum models, and propose an alternative pipeline enabling generation of classical surrogates at a larger scale than was previously possible. Previous methods required at least a high-performance computing (HPC) system for quantum models of below industrial scale (ca. 20 qubits), which raises questions about its practicality. We greatly minimize the redundancies of the previous approach, utilizing only a minute fraction of the resources previously needed. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our method on a real-world energy demand forecasting problem, conducting rigorous testing of performance and computation demand in both simulations and on quantum hardware. Our results indicate that our method achieves high accuracy on the testing dataset while its computational resource requirements scale linearly rather than exponentially. This work presents a lightweight approach to transform quantum solutions into classically deployable versions, facilitating faster integration of quantum technology in industrial settings. Furthermore, it can serve as a powerful research tool in search practical quantum advantage in an empirical setup.

量子机器学习经典代理工业部署

Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。