用逆强化学习构建奖励世界模型,实现闭环自动驾驶策略训练。
IRL-VLA: Training an Vision-Language-Action Policy via Reward World Model
- 通过逆强化学习构建轻量级奖励世界模型,支持高效闭环训练。
- 在NAVSIM v2基准上达到顶尖表现,CVPR2025自动驾驶挑战赛亚军。
- 适合研究闭环自主驾驶与视觉-语言-动作协同建模的学者。
视觉-语言-动作(VLA)模型在自动驾驶中展现出潜力,但面临两大挑战:(1) 现有VLA架构多基于开环模仿学习,易固化数据集行为,导致性能受限;(2) 闭环训练依赖高保真传感器仿真,存在域差距与计算效率瓶颈。本文提出IRL-VLA,一种基于逆强化学习奖励世界模型的闭环强化学习框架。该方法分三阶段:首先通过模仿学习预训练VLA策略;其次利用逆强化学习构建轻量级奖励世界模型,实现高效闭环奖励计算;最后采用PPO算法进行专项引导的强化学习,平衡安全性、舒适性与交通效率。在NAVSIM v2端到端驾驶基准中表现领先,获CVPR2025自动驾驶挑战赛亚军。本框架有望推动闭环自动驾驶中VLA研究进展。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have demonstrated potential in autonomous driving. However, two critical challenges hinder their development: (1) Existing VLA architectures are typically based on imitation learning in open-loop setup which tends to capture the recorded behaviors in the dataset, leading to suboptimal and constrained performance, (2) Close-loop training relies heavily on high-fidelity sensor simulation, where domain gaps and computational inefficiencies pose significant barriers. In this paper, we introduce IRL-VLA, a novel close-loop Reinforcement Learning via \textbf{I}nverse \textbf{R}einforcement \textbf{L}earning reward world model with a self-built VLA approach. Our framework proceeds in a three-stage paradigm: In the first stage, we propose a VLA architecture and pretrain the VLA policy via imitation learning. In the second stage, we construct a lightweight reward world model via inverse reinforcement learning to enable efficient close-loop reward computation. To further enhance planning performance, finally, we design specialized reward world model guidence reinforcement learning via PPO(Proximal Policy Optimization) to effectively balance the safety incidents, comfortable driving, and traffic efficiency. Our approach achieves state-of-the-art performance in NAVSIM v2 end-to-end driving benchmark, 1st runner up in CVPR2025 Autonomous Grand Challenge. We hope that our framework will accelerate VLA research in close-loop autonomous driving.
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