arXiv:2508.06674cs.AI2025-08

无需训练即可精准匹配手机定位轨迹到道路网,提升导航准确性。

Zero-Shot Cellular Trajectory Map Matching

  • 用像素级轨迹校准+迁移地理知识,实现零样本匹配
  • 在未见过区域上准确率比现有方法高16.8%
  • 适合需要快速部署的定位服务和城市级导航系统

细胞轨迹地图匹配(CTMM)旨在将手机基站定位序列对齐至道路网络,是谷歌地图等位置服务中导航与路径优化的必要预处理步骤。现有方法主要依赖基于ID的特征和区域特定数据来学习基站与道路间的关联,难以适应新区域。为实现目标区域无需额外训练的高精度匹配,本文提出一种零样本CTMM方法,需同时提取区域自适应特征、序列信息及位置不确定性以缓解蜂窝数据中的定位误差。我们设计了一种基于像素的轨迹校准辅助模块,利用可迁移的地理空间知识校准像素化轨迹,并指导道路网络层级的路径搜索。为增强相似区域间知识共享,将高斯混合模型融入变分自编码器(VAE),通过软聚类识别场景自适应专家。为缓解高定位误差,引入时空感知模块,捕捉序列特征与位置不确定性,辅助推断用户近似位置。最后采用约束路径搜索算法重构道路编号序列,确保路网拓扑有效性,同时在校准轨迹引导下优化最短可行路径,减少冗余绕行。大量实验表明,本方法在零样本CTMM任务中优于现有方法16.8%。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Cellular Trajectory Map-Matching (CTMM) aims to align cellular location sequences to road networks, which is a necessary preprocessing in location-based services on web platforms like Google Maps, including navigation and route optimization. Current approaches mainly rely on ID-based features and region-specific data to learn correlations between cell towers and roads, limiting their adaptability to unexplored areas. To enable high-accuracy CTMM without additional training in target regions, Zero-shot CTMM requires to extract not only region-adaptive features, but also sequential and location uncertainty to alleviate positioning errors in cellular data. In this paper, we propose a pixel-based trajectory calibration assistant for zero-shot CTMM, which takes advantage of transferable geospatial knowledge to calibrate pixelated trajectory, and then guide the path-finding process at the road network level. To enhance knowledge sharing across similar regions, a Gaussian mixture model is incorporated into VAE, enabling the identification of scenario-adaptive experts through soft clustering. To mitigate high positioning errors, a spatial-temporal awareness module is designed to capture sequential features and location uncertainty, thereby facilitating the inference of approximate user positions. Finally, a constrained path-finding algorithm is employed to reconstruct the road ID sequence, ensuring topological validity within the road network. This process is guided by the calibrated trajectory while optimizing for the shortest feasible path, thus minimizing unnecessary detours. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our model outperforms existing methods in zero-shot CTMM by 16.8\%.

地图匹配零样本学习轨迹优化定位服务

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