提出双分辨率结构提升皮肤癌病灶分割精度,精准定位边界并抑制成像伪影。
DualResolution Residual Architecture with Artifact Suppression for Melanocytic Lesion Segmentation
- 双流架构:高分辨率流保边界,池化流捕获多尺度上下文。
- 在公开数据集上边界精度显著提升,关键指标优于传统方法。
- 适合需要高精度分割的皮肤癌自动诊断系统研发者使用。
与自然图像分割不同,病变分割需处理细微的纹理和颜色差异,频繁出现的成像伪影(如毛发、标尺、气泡)以及对精确边界定位的严苛要求。在皮肤镜图像中准确勾画黑色素性肿瘤是自动化皮肤癌筛查系统和临床决策支持的关键环节。本文提出一种受ResNet启发的新型双分辨率架构,专为黑色素性肿瘤分割设计。该方法包含一个高分辨率流以保留精细边界细节,以及一个互补的下采样流以捕捉多尺度上下文信息。两流通过边界感知残差连接紧密融合,将边缘信息注入深层特征图,并引入通道注意力机制,使模型适应皮肤镜图像中的颜色与纹理变化。为应对常见成像伪影及小规模临床数据集挑战,我们设计了轻量级伪影抑制模块和多任务训练策略,结合Dice-Tversky损失、显式边界损失与对比正则化,增强特征稳定性。该统一设计使模型无需复杂后处理或大规模预训练即可生成像素级分割掩码。在多个公开皮肤镜基准数据集上的大量评估表明,本方法显著提升了边界精度和临床相关分割指标,优于传统编码器-解码器基线,是构建自动化黑色素瘤评估系统的重要组件。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Lesion segmentation, in contrast to natural scene segmentation, requires handling subtle variations in texture and color, frequent imaging artifacts (such as hairs, rulers, and bubbles), and a critical need for precise boundary localization to aid in accurate diagnosis. The accurate delineation of melanocytic tumors in dermoscopic images is a crucial component of automated skin cancer screening systems and clinical decision support. In this paper, we present a novel dual-resolution architecture inspired by ResNet, specifically tailored for the segmentation of melanocytic tumors. Our approach incorporates a high-resolution stream that preserves fine boundary details, alongside a complementary pooled stream that captures multi-scale contextual information for robust lesion recognition. These two streams are closely integrated through boundary-aware residual connections, which inject edge information into deep feature maps, and a channel attention mechanism that adapts the model's sensitivity to color and texture variations in dermoscopic images. To tackle common imaging artifacts and the challenges posed by small clinical datasets, we introduce a lightweight artifact suppression block and a multi-task training strategy. This strategy combines the Dice-Tversky loss with an explicit boundary loss and a contrastive regularizer to enhance feature stability. This unified design enables the model to generate pixel-accurate segmentation masks without the need for extensive post-processing or complex pre-training. Extensive evaluation on public dermoscopic benchmarks reveals that our method significantly enhances boundary precision and clinically relevant segmentation metrics, outperforming traditional encoder-decoder baselines. This makes our approach a valuable component for building automated melanoma assessment systems.
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