用静态电磁皮肤提升城市环境定位精度，显著改善信号遮挡下的定位效果。
Channel Charting in Smart Radio Environments
- 通过优化电磁皮肤相位布局增强信道差异性与空间指纹特征。
- 90%最差情况定位误差从60米降至25米以内，平均误差大幅改善。
- 首次将静态电磁皮肤用于智能无线环境定位，适合复杂城市场景应用。
本文提出利用静态电磁皮肤（EMS）在真实城市环境中实现鲁棒的设备定位，通过信道绘图（CC）技术实现。我们构建了一个严谨的优化框架，利用EMS提升信道差异性和空间指纹性能，将电磁皮肤相位设计转化为基于码本的优化问题，目标是最大化定位误差、可信度和连续性的上尾分位数表现。通过典型城市场景的3D射线追踪仿真，结果表明：优化后的EMS配置不仅显著降低平均定位误差，还将90百分位定位误差从无EMS时的60米以上降至25米以下，同时大幅提升可信度和连续性。据我们所知，这是首个将静态电磁皮肤应用于智能无线环境（SRE）以增强信道绘图的研究，在非视距（NLoS）条件下实现了定位性能的显著提升。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
This paper introduces the use of static electromagnetic skins (EMSs) to enable robust device localization via channel charting (CC) in realistic urban environments. We develop a rigorous optimization framework that leverages EMS to enhance channel dissimilarity and spatial fingerprinting, formulating EMS phase profile design as a codebook-based problem targeting the upper quantiles of key embedding metric, localization error, trustworthiness, and continuity. Through 3D ray-traced simulations of a representative city scenario, we demonstrate that optimized EMS configurations, in addition to significant improvement of the average positioning error, reduce the 90th-percentile localization error from over 60 m (no EMS) to less than 25 m, while drastically improving trustworthiness and continuity. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work to exploit Smart Radio Environment (SRE) with static EMS for enhancing CC, achieving substantial gains in localization performance under challenging None-Line-of-Sight (NLoS) conditions.
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