arXiv:2508.08240cs.ROcs.CV2025-08AAAI被引 14

让四足机器人像人一样听指令完成复杂任务

ODYSSEY: Open-World Quadrupeds Exploration and Manipulation for Long-Horizon Tasks

  • 用视觉语言模型分解长任务指令,实现端到端规划
  • 全身体控策略让机器人在复杂地形上稳定操作
  • 首个真实场景长时程移动操作基准,支持真实部署

语言引导的长时程移动操作一直是具身语义推理、可泛化操作和自适应运动控制中的重大挑战。三个基本限制阻碍了进展:首先,尽管大语言模型通过语义先验提升了空间推理与任务规划能力,现有方法仍局限于桌面场景,未能解决移动平台受限的感知与执行范围问题;其次,面对开放世界中多样的物体配置,当前操作策略泛化能力不足;第三,尽管对实际部署至关重要,如何在非结构化环境中同时保持高机动性与末端执行器精准控制仍缺乏研究。本文提出ODYSSEY,一个面向灵巧四足机器人机械臂的统一移动操作框架,无缝融合高层任务规划与底层全身控制。为应对语言任务中的自我中心感知挑战,引入基于视觉-语言模型的分层规划器,实现长时程指令分解与精确动作执行。在控制层面,提出新型全身策略,在复杂地形下实现鲁棒协同。我们还构建了首个长时程移动操作基准,评估多种室内外场景表现。通过成功的仿真到现实迁移,验证了系统在真实环境中的泛化与鲁棒性,凸显了腿式机械臂在非结构化环境中的实用性。本工作推动了具备复杂动态任务能力的通用机器人助手的可行性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Language-guided long-horizon mobile manipulation has long been a grand challenge in embodied semantic reasoning, generalizable manipulation, and adaptive locomotion. Three fundamental limitations hinder progress: First, although large language models have improved spatial reasoning and task planning through semantic priors, existing implementations remain confined to tabletop scenarios, failing to address the constrained perception and limited actuation ranges of mobile platforms. Second, current manipulation strategies exhibit insufficient generalization when confronted with the diverse object configurations encountered in open-world environments. Third, while crucial for practical deployment, the dual requirement of maintaining high platform maneuverability alongside precise end-effector control in unstructured settings remains understudied. In this work, we present ODYSSEY, a unified mobile manipulation framework for agile quadruped robots equipped with manipulators, which seamlessly integrates high-level task planning with low-level whole-body control. To address the challenge of egocentric perception in language-conditioned tasks, we introduce a hierarchical planner powered by a vision-language model, enabling long-horizon instruction decomposition and precise action execution. At the control level, our novel whole-body policy achieves robust coordination across challenging terrains. We further present the first benchmark for long-horizon mobile manipulation, evaluating diverse indoor and outdoor scenarios. Through successful sim-to-real transfer, we demonstrate the system's generalization and robustness in real-world deployments, underscoring the practicality of legged manipulators in unstructured environments. Our work advances the feasibility of generalized robotic assistants capable of complex, dynamic tasks. Our project page: https://kaijwang.github.io/odyssey.github.io/

四足机器人移动操作语言引导全身控制

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