arXiv:2508.08350cs.LGcs.AI2025-08被引 1

让逻辑规则更灵活:用模糊评分替代全对才投票,大幅减少所需规则数量。

Fuzzy-Pattern Tsetlin Machine

  • 引入模糊评分机制,允许部分失败的逻辑规则仍参与投票
  • IMDB上仅用1个规则/类就达90.15%准确率,比之前少50倍规则数
  • 可在微控制器上实时学习,推理速度超3400万次/秒

Tsetlin Machine(TM)系列算法的核心机制是‘全或无’的子句评估策略:只要一个二值字面量不匹配,整个子句即被排除投票。因此标准TM需数千个子句才能达到良好精度。本文提出模糊模式Tsetlin机(FPTM),将子句评估改为模糊方式——当部分字面量失败时,剩余字面量仍可按比例贡献投票分。每个子句由此包含可独立适应输入的子模式,实现更灵活、高效且鲁棒的模式匹配。该机制显著降低所需子句数、内存占用与训练时间,同时提升准确率。在IMDB数据集上,FPTM以每类仅1个子句实现90.15%准确率,较联合式TM减少50倍子句和内存;训练速度提升至316倍(45秒对比4小时),模型仅占50 KB,支持微控制器上的在线学习。推理吞吐率达3450万次/秒(51.4 GB/s)。在Fashion-MNIST上,准确率达92.18%(2子句)、93.19%(20子句)和94.68%(8000子句),相比复合式TM的93.00%(8000子句)实现约400倍子句减少。在含20%噪声的Amazon Sales数据集上,FPTM达85.22%准确率,显著优于图Tsetlin机(78.17%)和图卷积神经网络(66.23%)。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

The "all-or-nothing" clause evaluation strategy is a core mechanism in the Tsetlin Machine (TM) family of algorithms. In this approach, each clause - a logical pattern composed of binary literals mapped to input data - is disqualified from voting if even a single literal fails. Due to this strict requirement, standard TMs must employ thousands of clauses to achieve competitive accuracy. This paper introduces the Fuzzy-Pattern Tsetlin Machine (FPTM), a novel variant where clause evaluation is fuzzy rather than strict. If some literals in a clause fail, the remaining ones can still contribute to the overall vote with a proportionally reduced score. As a result, each clause effectively consists of sub-patterns that adapt individually to the input, enabling more flexible, efficient, and robust pattern matching. The proposed fuzzy mechanism significantly reduces the required number of clauses, memory footprint, and training time, while simultaneously improving accuracy. On the IMDb dataset, FPTM achieves 90.15% accuracy with only one clause per class, a 50x reduction in clauses and memory over the Coalesced Tsetlin Machine. FPTM trains up to 316x faster (45 seconds vs. 4 hours) and fits within 50 KB, enabling online learning on microcontrollers. Inference throughput reaches 34.5 million predictions/second (51.4 GB/s). On Fashion-MNIST, accuracy reaches 92.18% (2 clauses), 93.19% (20 clauses) and 94.68% (8000 clauses), a ~400x clause reduction compared to the Composite TM's 93.00% (8000 clauses). On the Amazon Sales dataset with 20% noise, FPTM achieves 85.22% accuracy, significantly outperforming the Graph Tsetlin Machine (78.17%) and a Graph Convolutional Neural Network (66.23%).

Tsetlin机模糊逻辑轻量化在线学习

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