提出新型稀疏部分最优传输方法,解决传统方法过密问题。
Sparse Partial Optimal Transport via Quadratic Regularization
- 用二次正则化替代熵正则化,实现运输计划稀疏化。
- 在合成数据和CIFAR-10上验证,稀疏性提升且性能不降。
- 适合需稀疏运输方案的图像颜色迁移与域适应任务。
部分最优传输(POT)近年来成为机器学习中的核心工具,突破了传统最优传输对输入测度质量相等的严格假设,能处理实际数据中常见的质量不平衡问题,从而提供更高灵活性。然而,现有主流求解器多采用熵正则化加速,导致输出运输计划稠密,限制了其在需要稀疏性的场景中的应用。本文提出一种基于二次正则化的新型POT公式,称为二次正则化部分最优传输(QPOT),该方法能有效诱导运输计划的稀疏性,从而推动POT在各类稀疏性需求场景中的应用。在合成数据、CIFAR-10数据集以及真实世界应用(如颜色迁移、域适应)上的大量实验,一致证明了所提QPOT在保持良好性能的同时显著提升了稀疏性。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Partial Optimal Transport (POT) has recently emerged as a central tool in various Machine Learning (ML) applications. It lifts the stringent assumption of the conventional Optimal Transport (OT) that input measures are of equal masses, which is often not guaranteed in real-world datasets, and thus offers greater flexibility by permitting transport between unbalanced input measures. Nevertheless, existing major solvers for POT commonly rely on entropic regularization for acceleration and thus return dense transport plans, hindering the adoption of POT in various applications that favor sparsity. In this paper, as an alternative approach to the entropic POT formulation in the literature, we propose a novel formulation of POT with quadratic regularization, hence termed quadratic regularized POT (QPOT), which induces sparsity to the transport plan and consequently facilitates the adoption of POT in many applications with sparsity requirements. Extensive experiments on synthetic and CIFAR-10 datasets, as well as real-world applications such as color transfer and domain adaptations, consistently demonstrate the improved sparsity and favorable performance of our proposed QPOT formulation.
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