arXiv:2508.08685cs.CV2025-08

用接触力引导超声图像配准,提升大形变下的解剖对齐精度。

PADReg: Physics-Aware Deformable Registration Guided by Contact Force for Ultrasound Sequences

  • 利用接触力与超声图像融合生成像素级刚度图,指导形变场估计。
  • 在真实数据集上达到HD95为12.90,比顶尖方法提升21.34%。
  • 适合需要物理可解释性的医学影像配准研究者使用。

超声变形配准用于估计一对形变超声图像间的空间变换,对捕捉生物力学特性及提升甲状腺结节和乳腺癌等疾病的诊断准确性至关重要。然而,在大形变情况下,超声图像固有的低对比度、高噪声和模糊组织边界严重阻碍可靠特征提取与对应匹配,现有方法常出现解剖对齐差且缺乏物理可解释性。为此,我们提出PADReg,一种由接触力引导的物理感知变形配准框架。PADReg利用机器人超声系统同步获取的接触力作为物理先验,约束配准过程。具体而言,不直接预测形变场,而是先结合接触力与超声图像的多模态信息构建像素级刚度图,并通过受胡克定律启发的轻量级物理感知模块,将刚度图与力数据融合,估计稠密形变场。该设计使PADReg实现更符合物理规律的配准,且解剖对齐优于仅依赖图像相似性的方法。在活体数据集上的实验表明,其HD95达12.90,较当前最优方法提升21.34%。源代码已公开于https://github.com/evelynskip/PADReg。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Ultrasound deformable registration estimates spatial transformations between pairs of deformed ultrasound images, which is crucial for capturing biomechanical properties and enhancing diagnostic accuracy in diseases such as thyroid nodules and breast cancer. However, ultrasound deformable registration remains highly challenging, especially under large deformation. The inherently low contrast, heavy noise and ambiguous tissue boundaries in ultrasound images severely hinder reliable feature extraction and correspondence matching. Existing methods often suffer from poor anatomical alignment and lack physical interpretability. To address the problem, we propose PADReg, a physics-aware deformable registration framework guided by contact force. PADReg leverages synchronized contact force measured by robotic ultrasound systems as a physical prior to constrain the registration. Specifically, instead of directly predicting deformation fields, we first construct a pixel-wise stiffness map utilizing the multi-modal information from contact force and ultrasound images. The stiffness map is then combined with force data to estimate a dense deformation field, through a lightweight physics-aware module inspired by Hooke's law. This design enables PADReg to achieve physically plausible registration with better anatomical alignment than previous methods relying solely on image similarity. Experiments on in-vivo datasets demonstrate that it attains a HD95 of 12.90, which is 21.34\% better than state-of-the-art methods. The source code is available at https://github.com/evelynskip/PADReg.

医学影像变形配准物理感知超声成像

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