arXiv:2508.09058cs.CV2025-08被引 4

提出自适应阈值的主动学习框架,提升真实场景下异常检测的稳定性。

ALFred: An Active Learning Framework for Real-world Semi-supervised Anomaly Detection with Adaptive Thresholds

  • 通过主动学习筛选最有价值样本,结合人工反馈修正伪标签。
  • 在模拟真实场景中实现EBI 68.91,显著优于静态阈值方法。
  • 适合需要持续更新、动态定义正常的实际监控系统使用。

视频异常检测(VAD)在识别视频中的异常行为中具有关键作用,但其在真实场景中应用困难,主要源于人类动作的动态性、环境变化及领域偏移。传统评估指标因依赖静态假设,难以在动态环境中确定区分正常与异常行为的有效阈值。为此,我们提出一种面向真实世界半监督异常检测的主动学习框架,具备自适应阈值能力。该框架利用主动学习持续选择最具信息量的数据进行标注,提升模型适应性;核心创新在于引入人机协同机制,从AI生成的伪标签结果中识别真实正常与异常样本,从而构建适配不同环境的动态阈值。在实验室模拟真实场景的框架下,该方法支持对VAD算法的严格测试与优化,并采用新评估指标验证效果。实验表明,在模拟真实场景的Q3测试中,该方法达到EBI 68.91,证明其在动态环境下的实用性与显著优势。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Video Anomaly Detection (VAD) can play a key role in spotting unusual activities in video footage. VAD is difficult to use in real-world settings due to the dynamic nature of human actions, environmental variations, and domain shifts. Traditional evaluation metrics often prove inadequate for such scenarios, as they rely on static assumptions and fall short of identifying a threshold that distinguishes normal from anomalous behavior in dynamic settings. To address this, we introduce an active learning framework tailored for VAD, designed for adapting to the ever-changing real-world conditions. Our approach leverages active learning to continuously select the most informative data points for labeling, thereby enhancing model adaptability. A critical innovation is the incorporation of a human-in-the-loop mechanism, which enables the identification of actual normal and anomalous instances from pseudo-labeling results generated by AI. This collected data allows the framework to define an adaptive threshold tailored to different environments, ensuring that the system remains effective as the definition of 'normal' shifts across various settings. Implemented within a lab-based framework that simulates real-world conditions, our approach allows rigorous testing and refinement of VAD algorithms with a new metric. Experimental results show that our method achieves an EBI (Error Balance Index) of 68.91 for Q3 in real-world simulated scenarios, demonstrating its practical effectiveness and significantly enhancing the applicability of VAD in dynamic environments.

异常检测主动学习自适应阈值视频分析

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