提出分层框架,精准识别医疗物联网中的未知攻击。
A Hierarchical IDS for Zero-Day Attack Detection in Internet of Medical Things Networks
- 分三层检测:边缘粗筛、远边缘细判、云端分类
- 在CICIoMT2024数据集上达99.77%准确率与97.8%F1值
- 无需新数据即可检测零日攻击,适合资源受限场景
医疗物联网(IoMT)正推动医疗变革,但面临拒绝服务、勒索软件、数据劫持和伪造等网络攻击威胁。这些网络由资源受限、异构设备(如可穿戴传感器、智能药丸、植入式设备)组成,传统集中式入侵检测系统(IDS)因响应延迟、隐私风险及新增漏洞而不适用。集中式方案需所有传感器上传数据至中心服务器,在密集环境下易导致延迟或网络中断。在IoMT设备本地运行IDS通常不可行,因计算资源有限;即使轻量级组件也因模型更新滞后而暴露于零日攻击,危及患者健康与数据安全。本文提出多层级IoMT IDS框架,可检测零日攻击并区分已知与未知威胁。第一层(近边缘)使用元学习或一类分类(OCC)结合usfAD算法进行粗粒度流量过滤(攻击与否)。后续层(远边缘、云)进一步识别攻击类型与新颖性。在CICIoMT2024数据集上的实验显示,整体准确率达99.77%,F1值为97.8%。第一层无需新数据即可高精度检测零日攻击,确保在IoMT环境中的强适用性。此外,元学习方法表现优异。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
The Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) is driving a healthcare revolution but remains vulnerable to cyberattacks such as denial of service, ransomware, data hijacking, and spoofing. These networks comprise resource constrained, heterogeneous devices (e.g., wearable sensors, smart pills, implantables), making traditional centralized Intrusion Detection Systems (IDSs) unsuitable due to response delays, privacy risks, and added vulnerabilities. Centralized IDSs require all sensors to transmit data to a central server, causing delays or network disruptions in dense environments. Running IDSs locally on IoMT devices is often infeasible due to limited computation, and even lightweight IDS components remain at risk if updated models are delayed leaving them exposed to zero-day attacks that threaten patient health and data security. We propose a multi level IoMT IDS framework capable of detecting zero day attacks and distinguishing between known and unknown threats. The first layer (near Edge) filters traffic at a coarse level (attack or not) using meta-learning or One Class Classification (OCC) with the usfAD algorithm. Subsequent layers (far Edge, Cloud) identify attack type and novelty. Experiments on the CICIoMT2024 dataset show 99.77 percentage accuracy and 97.8 percentage F1-score. The first layer detects zero-day attacks with high accuracy without needing new datasets, ensuring strong applicability in IoMT environments. Additionally, the meta-learning approach achieves high.
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