arXiv:2508.11656eess.SPcs.LG2025-08

用回归模型生成的合成心电图数据,可提升分类任务准确率。

Inductive transfer learning from regression to classification in ECG analysis

  • 先用回归模型预测心率等四个参数,再迁移用于分类。
  • 在五类心电信号分类中性能优于直接训练。
  • 适合研究合成数据与跨任务迁移的医生和算法工程师。

心血管疾病(CVDs)是全球死亡主因,占总死亡人数超30%。其中三分之一可通过及时准确诊断预防。心电图(ECG)是诊断关键工具,但患者数据隐私问题推动了对合成数据的需求——其保留真实数据统计特性且不泄露隐私。本研究探索利用合成ECG数据,从回归任务(预测心率、PR间期、QT间期、QRS波群)向分类任务(五类心电信号分类)进行归纳式迁移学习的可行性。我们采用多个主流深度学习模型分别训练回归任务,并将训练好的模型用于分类任务的迁移学习。实验系统评估了该迁移路径的有效性,结果表明:从回归到分类的迁移学习显著提升了分类性能,证明了其能充分挖掘公开与合成数据的价值,推动深度学习在心电分析中的应用。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of mortality worldwide, accounting for over 30% of global deaths according to the World Health Organization (WHO). Importantly, one-third of these deaths are preventable with timely and accurate diagnosis. The electrocardiogram (ECG), a non-invasive method for recording the electrical activity of the heart, is crucial for diagnosing CVDs. However, privacy concerns surrounding the use of patient ECG data in research have spurred interest in synthetic data, which preserves the statistical properties of real data without compromising patient confidentiality. This study explores the potential of synthetic ECG data for training deep learning models from regression to classification tasks and evaluates the feasibility of transfer learning to enhance classification performance on real ECG data. We experimented with popular deep learning models to predict four key cardiac parameters, namely, Heart Rate (HR), PR interval, QT interval, and QRS complex-using separate regression models. Subsequently, we leveraged these regression models for transfer learning to perform 5-class ECG signal classification. Our experiments systematically investigate whether transfer learning from regression to classification is viable, enabling better utilization of diverse open-access and synthetic ECG datasets. Our findings demonstrate that transfer learning from regression to classification improves classification performance, highlighting its potential to maximize the utility of available data and advance deep learning applications in this domain.

心电图分析迁移学习合成数据深度学习

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