arXiv:2508.12278cs.LGcs.AI2025-08中稿 · ECAI 2025

用少量标签数据提升图异常检测效果,对抗隐蔽异常更有效。

CRoC: Context Refactoring Contrast for Graph Anomaly Detection with Limited Supervision

  • 重构节点上下文生成新图,保留关系同时增强特征多样性
  • 在7个真实数据集上比基线模型最高提升14%的AUC
  • 适合标签稀缺、异常隐蔽的工业级图数据检测场景

图神经网络(GNN)广泛用于图数据分析任务,但训练鲁棒模型通常需要大量标注数据,这在真实场景中成为瓶颈。尤其在图异常检测(GAD)中,异常样本稀少、标注成本高,且可能主动伪装以逃避检测。为此,本文提出上下文重构对比框架(CRoC),通过联合利用少量标注数据与大量无标签数据来训练GNN。不同于以往方法,CRoC利用GAD中的类别不平衡特性,重构每个节点的上下文,通过重新组合节点属性生成增强图,同时保持交互模式不变。此外,CRoC分别编码异质关系,并将其融入消息传递过程,提升对复杂交互语义的捕捉能力。这些操作在保持节点语义的同时,增强对对抗性伪装的鲁棒性,帮助发现复杂异常。训练阶段,CRoC结合对比学习范式,使模型能有效利用无标签数据,生成更具判别性的节点嵌入。在七个不同规模的真实世界GAD数据集上评估,实验表明,CRoC相比基线GNN最高提升14% AUC,优于现有先进方法。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are widely used as the engine for various graph-related tasks, with their effectiveness in analyzing graph-structured data. However, training robust GNNs often demands abundant labeled data, which is a critical bottleneck in real-world applications. This limitation severely impedes progress in Graph Anomaly Detection (GAD), where anomalies are inherently rare, costly to label, and may actively camouflage their patterns to evade detection. To address these problems, we propose Context Refactoring Contrast (CRoC), a simple yet effective framework that trains GNNs for GAD by jointly leveraging limited labeled and abundant unlabeled data. Different from previous works, CRoC exploits the class imbalance inherent in GAD to refactor the context of each node, which builds augmented graphs by recomposing the attributes of nodes while preserving their interaction patterns. Furthermore, CRoC encodes heterogeneous relations separately and integrates them into the message-passing process, enhancing the model's capacity to capture complex interaction semantics. These operations preserve node semantics while encouraging robustness to adversarial camouflage, enabling GNNs to uncover intricate anomalous cases. In the training stage, CRoC is further integrated with the contrastive learning paradigm. This allows GNNs to effectively harness unlabeled data during joint training, producing richer, more discriminative node embeddings. CRoC is evaluated on seven real-world GAD datasets with varying scales. Extensive experiments demonstrate that CRoC achieves up to 14% AUC improvement over baseline GNNs and outperforms state-of-the-art GAD methods under limited-label settings.

图异常检测对比学习少样本

Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。