arXiv:2508.12296cs.RO2025-08被引 2

针对不确定配合类型的高精度装配,提出融合力视觉的智能控制策略。

A robust and compliant robotic assembly control strategy for batch precision assembly task with uncertain fit types and fit amounts

  • 通过力-视觉融合与多任务强化学习,分步学习多种配合策略。
  • 在真实场景中实现不同配合类型下的高成功率装配,成功率优于现有方法。
  • 适合工业自动化中复杂、批量化的精密装配任务,提升鲁棒性与效率。

在某些高精度工业应用中,机器人需对大批量加工的轴孔组件进行精密装配。若设计为过渡配合,加工误差可能导致某一对组件出现间隙或过盈配合,且配合量不确定。本文聚焦于存在不确定配合类型与配合量的机器人批量精密装配任务,提出一种高效的方法构建鲁棒且柔性的装配控制策略。具体地,将批量装配任务分解为多个确定性子任务,提出基于力-视觉融合控制器的强化学习方法与多任务强化学习训练框架(FVFC-MTRL),联合学习多个柔性控制策略。随后,设计多教师策略蒸馏方法,将多个训练好的策略整合至统一的学生网络,建立最终的鲁棒控制策略。真实实验表明,所提方法成功构建了适用于不同配合类型与配合量的高精度装配鲁棒控制策略。此外,MTRL框架显著提升训练效率,最终控制策略在力柔性和成功率方面均优于多种现有方法。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

In some high-precision industrial applications, robots are deployed to perform precision assembly tasks on mass batches of manufactured pegs and holes. If the peg and hole are designed with transition fit, machining errors may lead to either a clearance or an interference fit for a specific pair of components, with uncertain fit amounts. This paper focuses on the robotic batch precision assembly task involving components with uncertain fit types and fit amounts, and proposes an efficient methodology to construct the robust and compliant assembly control strategy. Specifically, the batch precision assembly task is decomposed into multiple deterministic subtasks, and a force-vision fusion controller-driven reinforcement learning method and a multi-task reinforcement learning training method (FVFC-MTRL) are proposed to jointly learn multiple compliance control strategies for these subtasks. Subsequently, the multi-teacher policy distillation approach is designed to integrate multiple trained strategies into a unified student network, thereby establishing a robust control strategy. Real-world experiments demonstrate that the proposed method successfully constructs the robust control strategy for high-precision assembly task with different fit types and fit amounts. Moreover, the MTRL framework significantly improves training efficiency, and the final developed control strategy achieves superior force compliance and higher success rate compared with many existing methods.

机器人装配强化学习力控

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