arXiv:2508.12439cs.RO2025-08

基于测地线追踪的接触建模,让机械手更精准抓握复杂物体。

Geodesic Tracing-Based Kinematic Integration of Rolling and Sliding Contact on Manifold Meshes for Dexterous In-Hand Manipulation

  • 用测地线追踪在网格上直接模拟滚动滑动接触
  • 在粗网格下仍保持高精度,优于碰撞检测和简单形状基方法
  • 适合需要高保真几何建模的灵巧操作任务

精确建模滚动与滑动接触(roll-slide contact)对涉及复杂几何形态的灵巧操作至关重要。然而,现有方法多针对具有可微参数化的连续曲面。本文将滚滑接触建模扩展至流形网格,提出一种基于测地线追踪的一阶时间积分方案,直接在网格上实现接触动力学计算,使机械手能够基于物体真实几何的高保真离散表示进行灵巧操作规划。通过最小化接触滑动与自转,使用最小二乘优化器规划五种物体在手灵巧运动。对比基于碰撞检测和基于简单几何体的基线方法,结果表明本方法在精度和鲁棒性方面表现最优,即使在粗糙网格下也保持良好性能。未来工作将探索多接触点及接触力集成,以实现更准确、鲁棒的网格表面接触建模。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Reasoning about rolling and sliding contact, or roll-slide contact for short, is critical for dexterous manipulation tasks that involve intricate geometries. But existing works on roll-slide contact mostly focus on continuous shapes with differentiable parametrizations. This work extends roll-slide contact modeling to manifold meshes. Specifically, we present an integration scheme based on geodesic tracing to first-order time-integrate roll-slide contact directly on meshes, enabling dexterous manipulation to reason over high-fidelity discrete representations of an object's true geometry. Using our method, we planned dexterous motions of a multi-finger robotic hand manipulating five objects in-hand in simulation. The planning was achieved with a least-squares optimizer that strives to maintain the most stable instantaneous grasp by minimizing contact sliding and spinning. Then, we evaluated our method against a baseline using collision detection and a baseline using primitive shapes. The results show that our method performed the best in accuracy and precision, even for coarse meshes. We conclude with a future work discussion on incorporating multiple contacts and contact forces to achieve accurate and robust mesh-based surface contact modeling.

灵巧操作接触建模网格动力学

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