AlphaFold虽火，跨学科合作仅微增0.48%，AI未必真能促融合。
The Role of AI in Facilitating Interdisciplinary Collaboration: Evidence from AlphaFold
- 以AlphaFold为案例，对比采用者与非采用者跨学科合作模式。
- 结构生物学与计算机科学合作仅提升0.48%，其他领域无显著变化。
- 技术普及削弱了跨学科需求，说明AI难自动促成深度协作。
人工智能在科学领域的加速发展受到广泛关注，学者们开始探讨其在跨学科协作中的作用。然而，这种影响的机制与程度仍不明确。本研究以AlphaFold对结构生物学家的影响为例，通过分析来自Scopus的1,247篇相关论文及7,700名作者，采用文献计量学与因果推断方法，比较采用AlphaFold与未采用者之间的跨学科合作模式。与普遍认知相反，研究发现AlphaFold仅使结构生物学与计算机科学的合作提升了0.48%，对其他学科无显著影响。这表明，尽管AI因技术特性产生特定跨学科需求，但技术普及化等其他因素削弱了这一效应。结果表明，人工智能本身在弥合学科鸿沟或推动实质性跨学科合作方面作用有限。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
The acceleration of artificial intelligence (AI) in science is recognized and many scholars have begun to explore its role in interdisciplinary collaboration. However, the mechanisms and extent of this impact are still unclear. This study, using AlphaFold's impact on structural biologists, examines how AI technologies influence interdisciplinary collaborative patterns. By analyzing 1,247 AlphaFold-related papers and 7,700 authors from Scopus, we employ bibliometric analysis and causal inference to compare interdisciplinary collaboration between AlphaFold adopters and non-adopters. Contrary to the widespread belief that AI facilitates interdisciplinary collaboration, our findings show that AlphaFold increased structural biology-computer science collaborations by just 0.48%, with no measurable effect on other disciplines. Specifically, AI creates interdisciplinary collaboration demands with specific disciplines due to its technical characteristics, but this demand is weakened by technological democratization and other factors. These findings demonstrate that artificial intelligence (AI) alone has limited efficacy in bridging disciplinary divides or fostering meaningful interdisciplinary collaboration.
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