arXiv:2508.13490cs.LGnlin.CD2025-08

通过融合复杂动力学理论,用局部全局混合机制高效求解各类偏微分方程。

DyMixOp: A Neural Operator Designed from a Complex Dynamics Perspective with Local-Global Mixing for Solving PDEs

  • 基于动力系统先验与惯性流形理论,将无穷维方程投影到有限维隐空间。
  • 在六类基准方程上达到当前最优,混沌场景下预测误差降低94.3%。
  • 适合需要高精度物理模拟的科学计算、气候建模与工程仿真领域。

使用神经网络近似由偏微分方程(PDEs)支配的非线性动力系统面临核心挑战:当动力学本质上不可线性化或需无限维空间线性化时,难以构建可处理的表示。为此,本文提出DyMixOp,一种从复杂动力系统视角设计的新型神经算子框架。该框架基于动力学感知先验与惯性流形理论,将原始的无穷维PDE动力学投影至有限维隐空间,同时保留关键线性结构与主导非线性相互作用,建立具有物理可解释性且计算结构清晰的基础。其核心创新是局部-全局混合(LGM)变换,受湍流中对流非线性的启发,通过乘法耦合局部细尺度特征与全局谱信息,有效捕捉高频细节与复杂非线性耦合,缓解现有神经算子普遍存在的谱偏差问题。框架进一步结合动力学感知架构,采用多层LGM以混合配置堆叠,引入时间尺度自适应门控与中间动力学并行聚合,实现对跨多种物理场景演化动力学的鲁棒逼近。在涵盖1D至3D、椭圆至双曲型共七类基准PDE系统的实验中,DyMixOp在六类上取得当前最优性能,显著降低预测误差(混沌场景最高达94.3%),同时保持计算效率与强可扩展性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

A primary challenge in using neural networks to approximate nonlinear dynamical systems governed by partial differential equations (PDEs) lies in recasting these systems into a tractable representation particularly when the dynamics are inherently non-linearizable or require infinite-dimensional spaces for linearization. To address this challenge, we introduce DyMixOp, a novel neural operator framework for PDEs that integrates theoretical insights from complex dynamical systems. Grounded in dynamics-aware priors and inertial manifold theory, DyMixOp projects the original infinite-dimensional PDE dynamics onto a finite-dimensional latent space. This reduction preserves both essential linear structures and dominant nonlinear interactions, thereby establishing a physically interpretable and computationally structured foundation. Central to this approach is the local-global mixing (LGM) transformation, a key architectural innovation inspired by the convective nonlinearity in turbulent flows. By multiplicatively coupling local fine-scale features with global spectral information, LGM effectively captures high-frequency details and complex nonlinear couplings while mitigating the spectral bias that plagues many existing neural operators. The framework is further enhanced by a dynamics-informed architecture that stacks multiple LGM layers in a hybrid configuration, incorporating timescale-adaptive gating and parallel aggregation of intermediate dynamics. This design enables robust approximation of general evolutionary dynamics across diverse physical regimes. Extensive experiments on seven benchmark PDE systems spanning 1D to 3D, elliptic to hyperbolic types demonstrate that DyMixOp achieves state-of-the-art performance on six of them, significantly reducing prediction errors (by up to 94.3% in chaotic regimes) while maintaining computational efficiency and strong scalability.

偏微分方程神经算子动力系统混合机制

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