arXiv:2508.14654cs.AI2025-08

用知识与熵约束提升洪水应急决策,多智能体系统更稳更快。

Entropy-Constrained Strategy Optimization in Urban Floods: A Multi-Agent Framework with LLM and Knowledge Graph Integration

  • 分层多智能体框架融合知识图谱与大模型提示,动态生成策略。
  • 在极端降雨下交通流畅度提升32%,任务成功率超基线28%。
  • 适合城市应急、智能交通领域,解决策略不稳定难题。

近年来,极端城市降雨频发对应急调度系统构成严峻挑战。城市内涝常引发严重交通拥堵与服务中断,威胁公共安全与出行。但高效决策仍受三大难题制约:(1) 多目标(如交通流、任务完成、风险缓解)间的权衡需动态、情境感知的策略;(2) 环境快速变化使静态规则失效;(3) 大模型生成策略存在语义不稳与执行不一致问题。现有方法未能在统一框架内实现感知、全局优化与多智能体协同。为此,我们提出H-J框架,集成知识引导提示、熵约束生成与反馈优化机制,构建从多源感知到策略执行与持续迭代的闭环流程。在真实城市拓扑与降雨数据上,针对极端降雨、间歇性暴雨与日常小雨三种典型场景进行评估。实验表明,H-J在交通流畅度、任务成功率与系统鲁棒性上均优于基于规则与强化学习的基线方法。结果凸显了不确定性感知、知识约束的大模型方法在提升城市洪灾应对韧性方面的潜力。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

In recent years, the increasing frequency of extreme urban rainfall events has posed significant challenges to emergency scheduling systems. Urban flooding often leads to severe traffic congestion and service disruptions, threatening public safety and mobility. However, effective decision making remains hindered by three key challenges: (1) managing trade-offs among competing goals (e.g., traffic flow, task completion, and risk mitigation) requires dynamic, context-aware strategies; (2) rapidly evolving environmental conditions render static rules inadequate; and (3) LLM-generated strategies frequently suffer from semantic instability and execution inconsistency. Existing methods fail to align perception, global optimization, and multi-agent coordination within a unified framework. To tackle these challenges, we introduce H-J, a hierarchical multi-agent framework that integrates knowledge-guided prompting, entropy-constrained generation, and feedback-driven optimization. The framework establishes a closed-loop pipeline spanning from multi-source perception to strategic execution and continuous refinement. We evaluate H-J on real-world urban topology and rainfall data under three representative conditions: extreme rainfall, intermittent bursts, and daily light rain. Experiments show that H-J outperforms rule-based and reinforcement-learning baselines in traffic smoothness, task success rate, and system robustness. These findings highlight the promise of uncertainty-aware, knowledge-constrained LLM-based approaches for enhancing resilience in urban flood response.

城市防汛多智能体大模型知识图谱

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